BMS 2401 Final Review

Quiz 7, 8, 9, 10

Define Agglutination formation

Agglutination forms with the presence of specific antibodies as a response to particulate antigens

Define Precipitin formation

Preciptin forms with the presence of specific antibodies as a response to insoluble, non-particulate host cells

Innate immunity includes which two types of Mechanical barriers

1. Mucous

2. Skin

What is immunity or resistance?

A natural or acquired state that protects an organism from certain diseases or infection. The ability to resist disease may be innate (nonspecific) or it may be adaptive (also called aquired, or secific), which the disease state is stimulated in the host.

What is ELISA

The procedure is predicated on the use of an enzyme-linked (labeled) specific antibody to demonstrate the agglutination reaction for the interpretation of the test result.

(T/F) PCR is a laboratory technique for rapidly producing (amplifying) millions to billions of copies of a speciic DNA which can be studied in greater detail

True

(T/F) Molecular techniques can be grouped into three categories: polymerase chase reaction (PCR), hybridization and next-generation sequencing

True

Applications of the PCR technique includes:

1. DNA cloning for sequencing

2. Construction of DNA-based phylogenies

3. DIagnosis and monitoring of genetic disorders

4. Amplification of ancient DNA

5. Analysis of genetc fingerprints of DNA profiling

What are the steps involved in PCR

• Initation

• Denaturation

• Annealing

• Elongation/Extension

PCR is determined by:

Gel Electrophoresis

What are the distinguishing characteristics of protozoa

• Absence of a cell wall

• Locomotion

• Heterotrophic nutrition

• Mostly asexual reproduction

Which protozoa class is parasitic?

Sporozoa

Protozoa of which class possesses long, whip-like flagella used as a means of locomotion?

Mastigophora

Which type of disease does this parasite (Trichomonas vaginalis) cause?

Trichomoniasis, which is a sexually transmitted disease

Give an example of a parasite that has a simple lifecycle

• Entamoeba histolytica

• Balantidium coli

• Giardia intestinalis

What are the advantages of the API20E strip?

• Minimal storage space

• Use of less media

• Rapid results

• Use of a computerized system for identification of organisms

What are the disadvantages of the API20E strip?

• High error rate

• Limited scope (only identifies Enterobacterieae

• One-time use

Which bacteria is gram negative, rod-shaped, mesophillic, non-fastidious, and non-spore formers

Enterobacteriaceae

Which bacteria is not a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family?

Pseudomonas

Which bacteria are a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family?

• Enterobacter

• Shigella

• Klebisella

Name an organism of unknown that was used in lab 10 (API 20E strip)

• Salmonella enterica