Microbiology Lab Exam I - Oct. 28

Incubate is to ..

Refrigerate is to ..

100 degrees C is when what occurs..

41.5 degrees C is when what occurs..

grow bacteria

store bacteria

H2O boils and agar melts

agar solidifies

37 degrees C is what…

20-24 degrees C is what..

4.5 degrees C is what…

human body temp

room temp

refrigeration

Tools used to transfer bacteria are..

Fomites are ..

Biohazard is a …

needle and loop

inanimate objects

biological substance posing a threat to living organisms

Bacterium plural is..

Flagellum plural is …

Coccus plural is ..

Medium plural is..; which is..

bacteria

flagella

cocci

media; food for bacteria

Inoculate introduces..

Culture is the..

Turbid means…

Contaminate is ..

bacteria into a medium

growing population of bacteria

cloudy

unwanted organisms

Aseptic technique is used to..

Helps to..; often uses..

safely transfer bacteria from 1 place to another

avoid contamination; bunsen burners

H2O insoluble pigment means..

H2O soluble pigment means..

Texture extremes include…

only colonies are colored

medium turns a color

dry, crusty, mucoid (slimy)

Swarming means …

Indicates..

Flagella are …; used for..

Flagella stain is a technique that..

growth over entire agar surface

high motility

thin appendages; motility

tough, dormant structure; stressful conditions; survival

coats flagella to make them thicker so they can be seen under microscope

Bacillus subtilis is..

Escherichia coli is ..

Staphylococcus aureus is ..

gram positive rods + endospores

gram negative rods

gram positive cocci

Individual cells appear what way under a microscope?

Chromophores are …

Catatonic dyes have…; stains..; background is…

Anionic dyes have a…; cells are …; background is…

clear

colored molecules in stains

positive charge; cells; clear

negative charge; clear; colored

Gram stain order is..

Simple stain uses..; good for …

Differential stain uses…; which are..

Helpful in …; an exam of a differential stain is…

crystal violet, iodine, decolorizer, safranin

one dye; cell shape/arrangement

2 dyes; counterstain and primary stain

differentiating kinds of cells or parts of cells; gram stain

In gram stain, primary stain uses…; for how long…

Uses mordant which is ..; for how long..

Uses decolorizer for how long…

Uses counterstain which is…; for how long..

What do u use AFTER EACH STEP?

crystal violet; 1 min

Iodine; 1 min

20-30 sec

safranin; 1-2 min

water

Total magnification is calculated by..

Parfocal is when the microscope will ..

Parcentered is when the …

ocular x objective

stay in focus when the magnification is changed

center of the field of view is magnified when switched from low mag to high mag

For best results, gram stain is used best for…

Endospores is seen best in ..

Vegetative cells show up as ..

Developing endospores show up as..

Mature endospores show up as..

younger cultures

older cultures

colored in cell

cell with color but circle with no color

no color

Endospores are a …; made by several..; all of which are found in..; genera examples..

They are extremely resistant to…

They are highly…; cannot be..; unless the cells are…

Vegetative cell contains…; developing endospores appears as a …

Mature endospores are …; shape..; known as “..”

dormant stage; genera; soil; bacillus & clostridium

heat, chemicals, UV
refractile; stained; heated during staining procedure

no endospores; bubble inside cells

clear; oval/rods; ghosts