Ch3 SE Milady

Apocrine glands

Coil structures attached to hair follicles found in the under arm in genital areas

arrector pili muscle

Small, involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that causes goose flesh when the appendage contracts

Barrier function

Protective barrier of the epidermis, the corneum in interstellar matrix, protect the surface from irritation and dehydration

Bilayers

Polar membrane made up two layers of lipid molecules. These membranes are flat sheets that form a continuous barrier around all cells.

Ceramides

Glycolipid materials that are a natural part of the skin, intercellular, matrix and barrier function

Collagen

Virus, connective tissue made from a protein found in the reticular layer of the dermis.A large, long chain, molecular protein that lies on top of the skin and binds water

Couperose

Capillaries that I've been damaged and are now, larger or distended blood vessels

Corneocytes

Another name for a stratum corneum cell; hardened, water proof, protective keratinocytes, these “dead” protein cells are dried out and lack nuclei

Dermal papillae

Membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis; contains nerve endings and supplies nourishment through capillaries to skin and follicles

Dermis

Known as the derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; support layer of connective tissue, collagen, and elastin below the epidermis

Desmosomes

The structures that assist in holding cells together; intercellular connections made of proteins

Eccrine Glands

Sweat, sweat glands bound all over the body with the openings on the skin surface through pores; not attached to hair follicles; secretions do not produce an offensive odor

Elastin

Protein fiber found in the dermis; gives skin it’s elastic and firmness

Epidermal growth factor

Abbreviated EGF; stimulate cells to produce and heal

Epidermis

Outer most layer of the skin; of thin protective layer with many cells, mechanisms and nerve endings

eumelanin

A type of melanin that is dark brown to black and color people with dark colored skin produce mostly eumelanin

Fibroblasts

Cells that stimulate collagen, production, and amino acids that form proteins to aid in healing

Follicles

Hair follicles in sebaceous follicles are tube like openings in the epidermis

glycation

Caused by an elevation in blood sugar, glycation is the binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule, resulting in the formation of damaged, non-functioning structures known as advanced location end products

Glycosaminoglycans

Large protein molecules and water binding substances found between the fibers of the dermis

Hair papillae

Cone shaped elevations at the base of the follicle that fit into the hair bulb

High energy visible light

Abbreviated as HEV; light emitting from electronic devices, reported to penetrate the skin more deeply than UV rays; damages, collagen, hyaluronic acid, and elastin

Hyaluronic acid

Hydrating fluids found in the skin; hydrophilic agent with water binding properties

Hydrolipidic

hydrolipidic film is an oil water balance that protects the skin service

Intercellular matrix

Lipid substances between court cells that produce the cells from water loss and irritation

Keratin

Fibrous proteins of cells that is also the principle component of skin, hair, and nails; provides resiliency and protection

Keratinocytes

epidermal cells, composed of keratin, lipids, and other proteins

Langerhans immune cells

Guard cells of the immune system system that senses unrecognized foreign invaders, such as bacteria, and then process these antigens for removal through the lymph system

lamellar granules

Organelle secreted from keratinocytes, resulting in the formation of an impermeable, lipid containing membrane that serves a water barrier and required for correct skin barrier function

Leukocytes

White blood cells that have enzymes to digest and kill bacteria and parasite; also respond to allergies

Lymph vessels

located in the dermis; supply nourishment within the skin and remove waste

Melanin

Tiny grains of pigment that are produced by melanocytes and deposited into cells in the stratum germanativum layer in the epidermis in in the papillary layers of the dermis

Melanocytes

Cells that produce skin pigment granules in the basal layer

Melanosomes

Pigment carrying granules that produce melanin, complex protein

Papillary layer

Top of the dermis; next to the epidermis

Pheomelanin

A type of melanin that is red and yellow in color; people with light colored skin, mostly produce, pheomelanin; two types of melanin; the other is eumelanin

Pores

tube like openings for sweat glands on the epidermis

Reticular layer

Deeper layer of the epidermis that supplies, the skin with oxygen and nutrients

rosacea

Chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose

Sebaceous glands

Also known as oil glands; protect the surface of the skin; appendages connect to follicles

Sebum

Oil that provides protection for the epidermis from external factors in lubricates both the skin and hair

Stratum corneum

Also known as horny layer; outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of corneocytes

Stratum germinativum

Also known as the Basal layer; active layer of the epidermis above the papillary layer, cell mitosis takes place here

Stratum granulosum

Also known as the granular layer, layer of the epidermis, composed of cells filled with keratin that resemble granules

Stratum Lucidum

Clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum; thickest on the palms of hands and soles of feet

Stratum spinosum

Also known as the spiny layer; layer of the epidermis above the stratum germinativum

Subcutaneous layer

Known as a hypodermis, subcutaneous adipose tissue located beneath the dermis

subcutis tissue

Also known as adipose tissue ; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body

Sudoriferous glands

Also not a sweat glands; excrete, perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body by spreading excess salt and unwanted chemicals

T cells

Identify molecules that have foreign peptide; help regulate immune response

Telangiectasia

Capillaries that have been damaged and are now longer, or distended, blood vessels; commonly called coupersose skin

Transepidermal water loss

Abbreviated TEWL; water loss caused by evaporation on the skin surface

tyrosinase

The enzyme that stimulates melanocytes and thus produces melanin

UVA radiation

Also known as aging rays

UVB Radiation

Also known as burning rays