all ict igcse

What is hardware?

Tangible physical components of a computer system

Define hardware.

Tangible physical components of a computer system

Name three internal hardware devices.

Processor

List three internal hardware devices.

Processor

Name three external hardware devices.

Monitor

List three external hardware devices.

Monitor

What is software?

Programs that control computer systems and consist of instructions

Define software.

Programs that control computer systems and consist of instructions

What are the two main types of software?

Application software and System software

Name two main types of software.

Application software and System software

Give three examples of application software.

Spreadsheets

Provide three examples of application software.

Spreadsheets

What is system software?

Programs that allow the hardware to run properly and control application programs

Define system software.

Programs that allow the hardware to run properly and control application programs

What are the three main components of the CPU?

Control Unit

Name the three main components of the CPU.

Control Unit

What is the purpose of the Control Unit in a CPU?

Coordinates input and output devices and carries out program instructions

What does the Control Unit do in a CPU?

Coordinates input and output devices and carries out program instructions

What does ALU stand for?

Arithmetic and Logical Unit

What is the meaning of ALU?

Arithmetic and Logical Unit

What does the Immediate Access Store (IAS) do in a CPU?

Holds data and program instructions in current use

What is the role of the Immediate Access Store (IAS)?

Holds data and program instructions in current use

What is a microprocessor?

A single integrated circuit used instead of a CPU

Define a microprocessor.

A single integrated circuit used instead of a CPU

What does RAM stand for?

Random Access Memory

What is the full form of RAM?

Random Access Memory

What is the purpose of RAM?

Stores data temporarily

What does RAM do?

Stores data temporarily

What does ROM stand for?

Read Only Memory

What is the meaning of ROM?

Read Only Memory

What is the purpose of ROM?

Stores permanent information and is non-volatile

What does ROM do?

Stores permanent information and is non-volatile

What does BIOS stand for?

Basic Input/Output System

What is the full form of BIOS?

Basic Input/Output System

What is the purpose of BIOS?

Tells computers what to do when it first starts and checks hardware

What does BIOS do?

Tells computers what to do when it first starts and checks hardware

What are the input devices?

Keyboard

List three input devices.

Keyboard

What are the output devices?

Monitor

List three output devices.

Monitor

What does CLI stand for?

Command Line Interface

What is the full form of CLI?

Command Line Interface

What does GUI stand for?

Graphical User Interface

What is the meaning of GUI?

Graphical User Interface

What does WIMP stand for?

Windows Icons Menus Pointers

What is the full form of WIMP?

Windows Icons Menus Pointers

What are the main types of computers?

Desktop/Personal Computers

List four main types of computers.

Desktop/Personal Computers

What are the advantages of desktop computers?

Standardized spare parts

List three advantages of desktop computers.

Standardized spare parts

What are the advantages of laptop computers?

Portable

List three advantages of laptop computers.

Portable

What are the disadvantages of laptop computers?

Limited battery life

Name three disadvantages of laptop computers.

Limited battery life

List two uses of tablet computers.

Graphics design and on-the-go internet access

What are two common uses of tablet computers?

Graphics design and on-the-go internet access

What are the advantages of tablet computers?

Small

Provide three advantages of tablet computers.

Small

What is a biometric system?

A system that uses unique physical characteristics to identify individuals

Define a biometric system.

A system that uses unique physical characteristics to identify individuals

What does RFID stand for?

Radio Frequency Identification

What is the meaning of RFID?

Radio Frequency Identification

Give one use of RFID.

Identifying pets

What is one application of RFID?

Identifying pets

What does MICR stand for?

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

What is the full form of MICR?

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

What is MICR used for?

Processing cheques in banking operations

What is the purpose of MICR?

Processing cheques in banking operations

What does OMR stand for?

Optical Mark Reader

What is the meaning of OMR?

Optical Mark Reader

Name one advantage of using OMR.

Fast way of inputting survey results

What is one benefit of OMR?

Fast way of inputting survey results

What does OCR stand for?

Optical Character Recognition

What is the full form of OCR?

Optical Character Recognition

Give two advantages of using OCR.

Faster data entry than manual typing and reduced errors

Name two benefits of OCR.

Faster data entry than manual typing and reduced errors

What is a wide format printer used for?

Producing large

What is the purpose of a wide format printer?

Producing large

What does LAN stand for?

Local Area Network

What is the meaning of LAN?

Local Area Network

What does WAN stand for?

Wide Area Network

What is the full form of WAN?

Wide Area Network

What does WLAN stand for?

Wireless Local Area Network

What is the meaning of WLAN?

Wireless Local Area Network

What is the purpose of a hub?

Receives data from different ports and sends it to each device

What does a hub do?

Receives data from different ports and sends it to each device

What is the purpose of a bridge?

Connects different types of networks together

What does a bridge do?

Connects different types of networks together

What does MAC stand for?

Media Access Control

What is the full form of MAC?

Media Access Control

What does a router do?

Enables data to be sent between different networks

What is the role of a router?

Enables data to be sent between different networks

What does ADSL stand for?

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

What is the full form of ADSL?

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

What is an IP address?

A unique number assigned to all devices connected to the internet

Define IP address.

A unique number assigned to all devices connected to the internet

What does URL stand for?

Uniform Resource Locator

What is the full form of URL?

Uniform Resource Locator

What is the role of a proxy server?

Acts as a buffer between a WAN and a LAN

What does a proxy server do?

Acts as a buffer between a WAN and a LAN