Apologia Advanced Biology Module 13 Test Answers

Deglutition

The act of swallowing

Peristalsis

The process of contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle

Lumen

The hole in the center of a tube

Micronutrients

The nutrients the body needs in small amounts; the vitamins and minerals

Stores excess glucose and glycogen

Liver

The first source of amylase secreted into food

Salivary glands

The second source of amylase secreted into food

Pancreas

Produces bile

Liver

Has gastric pits that secrete gastric juice

Stomach

Holds feces and triggers the defecation reflex

Rectum

Does most nutrient absorption

Small intestine

Has endocrine and exocrine functions and is an accessory organ

Pancreas

Contains glands which produce CCK

Small intestine

Contains glands which produce secretin

Small intestine

Holds bile and concentrates it

Gall bladder

Moves food from the pharynx to the stomach

Esophagus

Interconverts macronutrients based on the body's needs

Liver

The epiglottis and soft palate both participate in deglutition. What do they do?

(A)Epiglottis closes off the larynx to prevent food from entering the airways

(B)Soft Palate seals the nasal cavity to prevent fluid or food from entering the nasal cavity

What are intestinal villi? Why are they so important?

Tiny projections in the small intestine that greatly increase its surface area

What is wrong with the following statement? "Certain cells in the stomach produce pepsin, an enzyme that breaks down proteins."

Cells cannot produce an enzyme that breaks down proteins

Without intrinsic factor, what is the body unable to do?

Absorb vitamin B12

What are the three classes of macronutrients?

carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

What are the two vitamins that can be produced in the body as well as absorbed from food?

Vitamins D and K