Studied by 104 people
Communism
A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the state in which there are no classes.
Karl Marx
founder of modern communism
Prolitariat
refers to members of the poor working class
means of production
the tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to produce wealth
John Stuart Mill
Champion of liberty over unlimited state control
Utilitarianism
idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people
entrepreneur
A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business.
Jeremy Bentham
British philosopher and economist who advocated utilitarianism
Socialism
a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
improved road construction
John McAdams
improved the steam engine
James Watt
sow seeds in spaced rows at predetermined depths
Seed Drill
developed steam locomotive / railroad line
George Stephenson
combined spinning jenny and water frame
spinning mule
goods made by hand and homes
cottage industry
breed only best stock = healthier and larger livestock herds
Selective Breeding
developed the steamboat
Robert Fulton
Overcrowded apartments with close quarters and unsanitary living conditions
tenements
people move from farms to cities
urbanization
workers organization
labor unions
steam engine
The most efficient power source of the first industrial revolution and led to the development of the railroad
Urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities
Crop rotation
The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.
Coal
The most abundant natural resource found in great Britain at the beginning of the industrial revolution
Power loom
a loom operated mechanically, run by water putting the loom side by side with the spinning machines in factories, changed workers job from running it to watching it, Invented in 1787, invented by Edward Cartwright, it sped up the production of textiles
industrialization
the process of changing from doing work by hand to working with power-driven machinery
Agricultural Revolution
A time when new inventions such as the seed drill and the steel plow made farming easier and faster. The production of food rose dramatically.
Textiles
first industry of industrial revolution focused on the production of cotton cloth
standard of living
level of material comfort experienced by a group of people
enclosure movement
the combining of many small farms by wealthy land owners by the fencing off of lands
cottage industry
a craft occupation performed at home
Industrial Revolution
the time period when power-driven machinery was developed
mass production
the system of manufacturing large numbers of identical items
factory
a building that housed machine-driven industry
factors of production
the essential elements that a nation needs for economic success
Note 
Flashcard (103)