AP U.S. History: Chapter 27 & 28

James Blaine's "Big Sister" policy

James Blaine's "Big Sister" policy

A policy aimed at increasing trade and alliances with Latin American countries.

Battleship era

A period characterized by the dominance of battleships in naval warfare, which lasted until World War II.

Josiah Strong

An author who advocated for Americans to spread their civilization to other parts of the world.

Henry Cabot Lodge

A notable expansionist who believed that the United States needed to acquire colonies to maintain a global presence.

Yellow Press

Sensationalist newspapers that romanticized American expansion and imperialism.

Jingoism

A foreign policy or mindset based on extreme nationalism and patriotism.

Monroe Doctrine

A policy that stated the United States would not tolerate European colonization or intervention in the Americas.

Spanish-American War

A conflict between the United States and Spain, sparked by American support for Cuban rebels' bid for independence.

Teller Amendment

A congressional amendment that stated Cuba would be independent after Spain was overthrown.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt that played a significant role in the Spanish-American War.

Treaty of Paris 1898

A treaty that ended the Spanish-American War and resulted in Spanish recognition of Cuban independence, payment to Spain, and the acquisition of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico by the United States.

Anti-Imperialist League

An organization that opposed American imperialism, arguing that it violated the consent of the governed, was expensive, and could lead to future wars.

Platt Amendment

An amendment that placed restrictions on the Cuban government and gave the United States authority to intervene militarily to protect Cuban independence.

Big Stick policy

A policy of maintaining a strong military presence around the world to show force when necessary, coined by Theodore Roosevelt.

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

A treaty in which Britain ceded the right to build a canal to the United States.

Roosevelt Corollary

An addition to the Monroe Doctrine that involved managing the finances of debtor Latin American nations to keep European powers out of the region.

Russo-Japanese War

A conflict between Russia and Japan that was ended by the Treaty of Portsmouth, negotiated by Theodore Roosevelt.

Great White Fleet

A fleet of U.S. naval ships sent on a world tour to demonstrate American naval strength.

Gentlemen's Agreement

An agreement between the United States and Japan that resolved the issue of segregation of Asian students in San Francisco.

Root-Takahira Agreement

An agreement between the United States and Japan that recognized each other's Pacific holdings and affirmed the Open Door policy with China.

Progressive Era

A period of reform from 1890 to 1920, during which various reforms were enacted to address poverty, political corruption, and unsafe working conditions.

Muckrakers

Journalists who exposed corruption and wrongdoing in business and politics.

Laissez-faire

A policy of minimal government intervention in economic affairs.

Direct elections

The process of voters directly choosing who to elect, particularly in the U.S. Senate.

Initiative

A process that allows voters to directly place legislation on the ballot.

Recall

The ability for voters to remove corrupt officials from office.

Referendum

A process that allows voters to approve or reject a law passed by legislatures.

Home rule

A system

Sierra Club

An environmental organization that focuses on conservation and preservation of nature.

Conservationists

Individuals who believe in using and managing nature for human benefit.

Preservationists

Individuals who believe in leaving nature untouched and preserving it in its natural state.

William Howard Taft

The successor of Theodore Roosevelt as President of the United States in 1908.

Payne-Aldrich Bill

A bill signed by President Taft that increased tariffs, leading to a clash with progressive Republicans.

Pinchot

A person who was fired by President Taft in 1909 after accusing Interior Secretary Richard Ballinger of corruption.

Dollar Diplomacy

President Taft's foreign policy approach that aimed to maintain political and economic stability through increased investment in foreign economies.

Open Door

A policy maintained by President Taft that allowed equal trading rights with Asian countries.

New Nationalism

A campaign promoted by Theodore Roosevelt in the 1910 midterm elections, advocating for business regulation, welfare laws, and workplace protection for women and children.