Aromatic chemistry

what is a benzene

sweet smelling organic compounf

formula for benzene

C₆H₆

Kekule’s Model

Alternating single and double carbon-carbon bonds

problems with Kekules model

• Doesn’t undergo addition reaction like expected

• the carbon - carbon bond lengths are identical

• Enthalpy of hydrogenation is less exothermic than expected

how is the pi system made

instead of 3 pi bonds remaining pi orbitals overlap with both neighboring pi orbitals for a pi systerm

what dies pi sytem do to electrons

electrons are delocalized , same in any alternating single and double bond molecule

why is compund with delocalised electron more stable than ones that have localised bond

delocalised electrons spread out , deacrsing electron density

what is an aromatic compound

compound with benzen ring

why does benzen not undergo addition reaction like expected

lower electron density than aleknes

why does carbon length not identical in benzene ring

each p bond overlaps with neighboring instead of forming a pi bonds

why is enthalpy of hydrogination less

benzene delocalized electron , more stable

naming aromatic compounds priority list

1. Carboxylic acid

2. Nitriles

3. Aldehydes

4. ketones

5. alcohols

6. alkene

7. benzene

8. halogenoalkanes

9. alkane

10. nitro

    below benzene - prefix benzene

11. above benzene - prefix phenyl

Friedel- craft acylation reaction

why is catalyst AlCl₃ needed for Friedel - craft acylation

makes the electrophile stronger

reaction in which AlCl₃ to make electrophile stronger

word to describe the AlCl₃ in fridel-craft othr than catalyst

halogen carrier

step mechanism for fridel- craft

equation for regeneration with AlCl₃

equation for nitration of benzene

what catalyst used in nitration of benzene and what for

conc H₂so₄

TO MAKE STRONGER CATALYST

equation for H₂SO₄ to make electrophile stronger and electrophile used

step mechanism for nitration of benzene