Lecture Exam One - Connective Tissues

What is the most diverse, abundant, and variable of tissue types

connective tissues

What is the function of connective tissue:

storage, transport, protect, support, and bind

Connective tissue arises from

mesenchyme

In connective tissues, the extracellular material or matrix contains

glycoproteins and hyaluronic acid

What type of fibers do connective tissues contain

collagenous

reticular

elastic

What are the 2 categories of cells in connective tissues

Fixed

Wandering

What are the types of fixed cells:

fibroblasts

adipose cells

reticular cells

melanocytes

What are the types of wandering cells?

free macrophages

mast cells

plasma cells

Diapedesis;

the biological process where WBC squeeze through the intact walls of tiny blood vessels to enter surrounding body tissues

What are the 3 categories of connective tissues?

Proper, Fluidic, Supportive

What are the 2 categories of proper connective tissue

loose, dense

What are the 2 categories of fluidic connective tissue

blood, lymph

What are the 2 categories of supportive connective tissue

cartilage, bone

Cells are encased in a _______

matrix

What are the different textures of matrix

solid, liquid, semisolid

What are the functions of connective tissues

storage, transport, protection, support/bind

In the matrix what acts like glue that holds the matrix and fibers together

hylaronic acid

The matrix has a lot of ______

fibers

Some bacteria have the enzyme ______ that breaks down connective tissue

hylaracidase

What is the primary fiber that gives connective tissue its strength

collagen

Scurvy:

lack of vitamin C

Vitamin C is important for

collagen

Reticular Fibers:

branch networks

Reticular Fibers supports _____

filtration

Where are reticular fibers commonly found in ________

lymph nodes, spleen, liver

Elastic fibers are found in

elastic cartilage

Where are elastic fibers commonly found in?

ears, pharynx

Fibroblasts give rise to

collagen fibers

Tendons and ligaments only have

fibroblasts

Adipocytes accumulates

triglycerides

Adipocytes look like a _______ under the microscope

spider web

Lipids don’t pick up dye, so the center of adipocytes is

clear

All fixed cells evolve from blood cells called

monocytes

Fixed cells defends from

invasion

Reticular Cells are involved in ______

filtration

Melanocytes produce

melanin

How do melanocytes release their color in the epithelium cells

filter up

melanocytes protect against

UV radiation

Free Macrophages Movement:

have to move through vessel walls via diapedesis to follow chemical trails to seek out invaders to destroy

Mast cells comes from

Beta-lymphocytes

What do mast cells secrete?

heparin, histimine

What does heparin do?

inhibits blood clotting

What does histamine do?

causes the dilation of blood cells, which causes swelling to allow more WBC to invade and kill bacteria

Loose connective tissue proper is found

right under the skin

Dense connective tissue Proper is found in

tendons and ligaments

Blood Fluidic connective tissue blocks the flow of lymph which can lead do

elephantiasis

Cartilage Supportive connective tissue:

semi-solid, minor-flexibility

Bone Supportive connective tissue:

very solid matrix

How do bone cells harden?

calcium phosphate salts laid down by cells to harden

What type of connective tissue allows the skin to attach to muscle?

loose connective tissue

There are a lot of ________ in loose connective tissue

fibroblasts

In dense connective tissues fibers are ______

compacted

What are the two categories of dense connective tissue

regular, irregular

Dense Regular connective tissue:

all fibers are running parallel

Dense Irregular connective tissue:

fibers are going in all directions

What are the types of dense connective tissue?

perichondrium, periosteum

Pericondrium:

connective tissue around outside of cartilage

Periosteum:

connective tissue around outside of bone

What type of tissue is this?

Loose Connective Tissue

What type of dense connective tissue is this?

Dense Connective Tissue

What are the two types of cartilage

hyaline

elastic

What is the most abundant type of cartilage

hyaline

All the cartilage of an ______ is hyaline

embryo

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

nose, larynx, trachea, ribs

Elastic fibers are _______

flexible

Where are elastic fibers found

ear and epiglottis

Where are fibril cartilage found

inverterbral discs and pubis symphysis

What type of cartilage is this?

Hyaline Cartilage

What type of cartilage is this?

Elastic

What are the two types of bone in relation to connective tissues

Cancellous Bone

What type of bone is this in relation to connective tissue?

Compact Bone

What is another name for cancellous bone

spongy

Cancellous bone contains

trabecula

Trabecula:

bony islands in a sea of bone marrow

Cancellous contains _____ which is inside an osteocyte

lacunae

lacunae contains

osteocyte

In compact none, blood vessels and nerves are in the _________

central canal

For compact bone, how do nutrients travel

from the canaliculi to the lacunae

What is the name of the canal in compact bone

Haversian canal

What surrounds spongy bone

2 compact bones one each side

What type of tissue accumulates over time

adipose

What is triglycerides made up of

glycerol and fatty acids

What does the triglycerides do in adipose tissues?

push cytoplasm/nucleus up towards periphery

Adipose tissues do not ______

stain

Adipose tissue is an _______ material

insulatory

What type of tissue is this?

Adipose Tissue