NS2 forebrain anatomy

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, action, and sensory processing.

Basal Nuclei

Clusters of neurons located at the base of the cerebral cortex involved in the modulation of voluntary movement.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, action, and sensory processing.

Basal Nuclei

Clusters of neurons located at the base of the cerebral cortex involved in the modulation of voluntary movement.

Hippocampus

A key structure in the limbic system responsible for memory formation and spatial navigation.

Thalamus

Part of the forebrain that acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.

Corpus Callosum

A band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them.

Limbic System

A complex system of nerves and networks in the brain, associated with emotions and memory.

Olfactory Bulb

The part of the brain that processes smell information, crucial for the sense of olfaction.

Frontal Lobe

The region of the brain associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem-solving.

Parietal Lobe

The section of the brain that processes sensory information related to touch, temperature, and pain.

Occipital Lobe

The cerebral region that processes visual information.

Temporal Lobe

The part of the brain that processes auditory information and is also involved in memory.

Internal Capsule

A white matter structure in the brain that contains pathways for signals coming to and from the cerebral cortex.

Fornix

A C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers in the brain, involved in memory processing and connecting the hippocampus to other limbic structures.

Decussate

The crossing over of nerve tracts in the brain or spinal cord, typically before reaching their target.

Dopamine

A neurotransmitter important for motor control and cognitive function, involved in diseases such as Parkinson's.

Circadian Rhythms

The physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a daily cycle, responding primarily to light and darkness.

The __________ is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle.

Hypothalamus

The __________ is known to assist in the coordination of voluntary movement.

Cerebellum

The __________ lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information.

Occipital

The __________ is the part of the brain that encodes new memories and is a major component of the limbic system.

Hippocampus

The __________ system is involved in emotional responses and memory.

Limbic

The __________ connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain, facilitating inter-hemispheric communication.

Corpus Callosum

__________ are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a chemical synapse.

Neurotransmitters

The __________ is crucial for balance and fine motor skills.

Cerebellum

The __________ lobe governs decision-making, problem-solving, and planning.

Frontal

The __________ plays a significant role in interpreting sensory information related to temperature, touch, and pain.

Parietal

What structure in the brain is mainly involved in regulating emotions?

Limbic System

Which part of the brain is responsible for processing auditory information?

Temporal Lobe

What is the role of the corpus callosum?

To connect the two cerebral hemispheres and facilitate communication between them.

What does the thalamus do?

Acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.

Which neurotransmitter is crucial for mood regulation and is associated with the reward system?

Dopamine

What is hippocampus primarily responsible for?

Memory formation and spatial navigation.

What lobe of the brain is involved in sensory input and body position?

Parietal Lobe

In the brain, what is the function of the basal nuclei?

To modulate voluntary movement.

What role does the olfactory bulb serve?

Processes smell information.

Which brain region is critical for maintaining the body's circadian rhythms?

Hypothalamus.

Neurons

Basic building blocks of the nervous system that transmit information throughout the body.

Axon

The long part of a neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body.

Dendrites

Branch-like structures of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.

Synapse

The junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Grey Matter

Regions of the brain and spinal cord that are primarily composed of neuronal cell bodies.

White Matter

Regions of the brain and spinal cord composed of myelinated axons that connect different areas.

Brainstem

The part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord and controls basic life functions.

Cerebellum

A part of the brain that regulates coordination and balance.

Neuroplasticity

The ability of the brain to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.