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locus
fixed position of a gene on a DNA molecule
mutation
a change in the sequence of base pairs in DNA
substitution mutation
a nucleotide is replaced with another
frame-shift mutation
a mutation that causes all subsequent codons to be shifted
centriole
a cyclindrical organelle that spindle fibres come from
chromatid
one strand of a chromosome
chromatin
the material that makes up chromosomes, consisting of DNA and histones
centromere
a structure in a chromosome that holds the two chromatids together
homologous pair of chromosomes
two chromosomes that carry the same genes