MYCOLOGY

Chitin and Glucan

A fungal cell wall is composed of?

Ergosterol

A fungal cell membrane is made of?

Yeast

This fungal phase is unicellular and grows at body temperature (35-37C). It is invasive and in-vivo. Its appearance in culture is moist, creamy, and opaque.

Mold

This fungal phase is multicellular and grows at temperatures between 25-30C. It is infectious and has a culture appearance of being cottony, velvety, or powdery.

Hi, i-Blast Co na Para may Penicillin ang Spores.

• Histoplasma capsulatum

• Blastomyces dermatitidis

• Coccidioides immitis

• Paracoccidioides braziliensis

• Penicillium marneffei

• Sporothrix schenkii

What species are capable of dimorphism?

Exophiala and Hortae

What fungi are capable of polymorphism?

• Verrucose - furrowed, folded, wrinkly

• Rugose - radial striations

• Umbonate - raised at the center (UMBOk)

What are the three fungal topography? Describe each.

• Cottony - high aerial mycelia

• Woolly - high aerial mycelia but more matted

• Velvety - low aerial mycelia

• Glabrous - no aerial mycelia, smooth

• Granular - powdery, represents sugar granules

State and define the fungal textures of molds.

Hyaline (Moniliaceous)

This defines fungi that are non-pigmented or lightly pigmented.

Phaeoid (Dematiaceous)

This defines fungi that are darkly pigmented due to melanin.

Vegetative hyphae

This is the portion of the mycelium that extends below the agar surface and is responsible for food absorption.

Aerial hyphae

This is the portion of a mycelium that extends above the agar surface and is responsible for reproduction.

Sparsely septate/ Coenocytic

The term used for hyphae that has no cross walls.

Zygomycetes (Rhizopus, Absidia, Mucor)

What fungi specie is sparsely septate?

Coiled hyphae.

Seen in Dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes)

These are hyphae that are spiral.

It is seen in what kind of fungi?

Nodular bodies.

It is seen in Dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes and M. canis)

These are hyphae that are knotted/twisted.

It is seen in what kind of fungi?

Epidermidis floccosum

Raquet hyphae are club-shaped hyphae seen in?

Broken comb shape.

Microsporum audoinii.

Pectinate bodies are of what shape?

It is seen in?

Antlers.

T. schoenleinii and T. violaceum

Favic chandeliers resemble what shape?

They are seen in what fungi?

Teleomorph/ Perfect Fungi

Another term for Sexual Fungi.

ABOZ

• Ascospores

• Basidiospores

• Oospores

• Zygospores

Examples of Sexual Fungi.

Cleistothecium

This is a large, round, multicellular structure that surrounds the asci until it releases ascospores.

Oospores

This fungi is a fusion of cells from two separate, non-identical hyphae.

Zygospores

This fungi is a fusion of two identical cells ariaing from the same hyphae.

• Sporangiospores

• Conidia

What fungi are asexual?

Aseptated hyphae

This is a unique characteristic of Zygomycetes.

Conidia

These are asexual spores produced either singly or multiples through chains or clusters.

• Phialides - flask-shaped/cylindrical

• Catenate - chains

• Echinulate - rough/ spiny projections

Types of Conidia and their description.

Large COSE bag

• Club-shaped

• Oval

• Spindle-shaped

• Echinulate

Describe Macroconidia

Small PERCBird

• Pyriform (pear-shaped)

• Elliptical

• Round

• Catenate

• Birds on a fence

Describe Microconidia.

Blastoconidia/ Blastospores

The daughter is pinched so she blasted off.

This fungi develops as a daughter cell that buds off the mother cell and is pinched off.

Chlamydoconidia

This fungi is thick-walled, resistant, and has resting spores formed by rounding up or enlargement of terminal hyphal cells.

Terminal: hyphal tip

Sessile: hyphal sides

Intercalary: within hyphal strands

Parts of a Chlamydoconidia

Arthroconidia

This fungi is a simple fragmentation of the mycelium at the septum. It is barrel or cylindrical shaped.

Disjunctor cell

This is the term used for the empty cell between each spore.

• Coccidioides immitis

• Getrichum candidium

• Trichosporon spp.

What fungi species identify as arthroconidia?

Poroconidia

Conidia formed by being pushed through a small pore in the parent cell.

Phialoconidia

Tube-shaped conidia that can be branched

Annelloconidia

Vase shaped conidia wherein the remaining parent outer cell wall takes on a saw-tooth appearance as the conidia is released.

BCHC

• Blastomyces dermatitidis

• Cryptococcus neoformans

• Histoplasma capsulatum

• Candida spp.

What fungi can be seen in blood?

CCHC

• Cryptococcus neoformans

• Candida spp.

• Histoplasma capsulatum

• Coccidioides immitis

What fungi can be seen in CSF?

My Hair Tie

• Microsporum

• Trichophyton

What fungi can be seen in hair?

May TAE ang Nails

• Trichophyton

• Aspergillus

• Epidermophyton

What fungi can be seen in nails?

Lung Cancer Are Really Painful, Breathing Heavily causes Coughs.

• Candida spp.

• Aspergillus

• Rhizopus

• Penicillium

• Blastomyces dermatitidis

• Histoplasma capsulatum

• Coccidioides immitis

What fungi is seen in the lungs?

MCBET pierced his Skin

• Microsporum

• Candida spp.

• Blastomyces dermatitidis

• Epidermophyton

• Trichophyton

What fungi can be seen in the skin?

The Throat Gets Candida

• Getrichum candidum

• Candida albicans

What fungi is seen in the throat?

ZABD

• Zygomycota

• Ascomycota

• Basidiomycota

• Deuteromycota

What are the Different Phylums?

RAM - seen in soil

• Rhizopus

• Absidia

• Mucor

What species are under Zygomycota?

What kind of Saprophytes are they?

Conjugated fungi

Zygomycota is also called __ fungi.

Zygomycota

This phylum has zygospores as sexual phase and sporangiospores as asexual phase.

Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Seen in soil, marine, freshwater

What species are under Ascomycota?

Where can they be found?

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

This fungi is a working yeast found in beer, bread, wine

Sac fungi

Ascomycota is also called __ fungi.

Ascomycota

This phylum has ascospore as sexual phase and conidiospore as asexual phase.

Cryptococcus neoformans

Edible fungi

What fungi is under Basidiomycota?

Where can they be seen?

Club fungi

Basidiomycota is also called __ fungi.

Deuteromycota/ Imperfect fungi

The most pathogenic fungi.