SCIENCE GRADE 5 FIRST TERM EXAMINATION

Testes

Produce sperm cells and testosterone

Scrotum

Holds and protects the testes

Seminiferous Tubules

Tiny coiled tubes where sperm cells are made

Epididymis

Stores and matures sperm cells

Vas Deferens

Carries mature sperm to the urethra

Seminal Vesicles

Produce fructose-rich fluid that gives sperm energy

Prostate Gland

Adds fluid that protects and nourishes sperm

Urethra

Carries urine and semen out of the body

Penis

External reproductive organ that delivers semen

Ovaries

Produce egg cells, estrogen, and progesterone

Fallopian Tubes

Carry eggs to the uterus; fertilization usually occurs here

Uterus

Organ where a fertilized egg develops

Endometrium

Inner lining of the uterus

Cervix

Opening between the uterus and vagina

Vagina

Birth canal and passageway for menstrual flow

Testosterone

Main hormone in boys

Estrogen

Hormone that helps female development and starts menstruation

Progesterone

Hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy

Puberty

Stage when the body changes into an adult body

Hormones

Chemical messengers that control body changes

FSH

Helps an egg grow and mature

LH

Causes a mature egg to be released

Menstrual Cycle

Monthly process that prepares the body for pregnancy

Menstruation

Shedding of the uterine lining

Menstrual Phase

Phase when the uterus sheds its lining

Follicular Phase

Phase when an egg matures and a new lining develops

Ovulation Phase

Phase when a mature egg is released

Luteal Phase

Phase when the uterus becomes ready for pregnancy

Ovulation

Release of a mature egg

Fertilization

Meeting of a sperm cell and egg

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstruation

Primary Amenorrhea

Failure to begin menstruation by about age 15

Secondary Amenorrhea

Stopping menstruation for 3 months or longer

Infertility

Difficulty having a baby

Dysmenorrhea

Painful menstrual cramps

STDs

Diseases spread through sexual contact

Puberty Changes in Girls

Growth, breast development, wider hips, body hair, menstruation, oily skin, and emotional changes

Puberty Changes in Boys

Growth, broader shoulders, facial hair, body hair, deeper voice, and bigger muscles

Social Changes

New interests, more friends, independence, and emotional changes

Reproductive Hygiene

Practices that keep the reproductive system clean and healthy

Sanitary Napkins

Menstrual products that should be changed regularly

Healthy Foods

Fruits, vegetables, eggs, fish, milk, and water