marble

  

Cipollno Verde

1. Greece, Euboia: Karystos and Nea Styra

2. Can be greyish but rare

3. Locally: since Hellenistic

4. Rome: 2nd C. BCE

5. Distributes:Hadrian→Antonine period

6. Widespread quarries(140)

7. Mainly Columns, pavements

8. Hadrian's crocodile

Rosso antico

South Peloponnese(1700 BCE)

1. Rome: 1st C, BCE- Severan period

   1. Very fine grains

   2. Widely exported

   3. Very expensive

2. Small capitals, statuettes, inscriptions

1. Hadrian's Hippo

1. Verde antico

2. Thessaly

3. White clasts, metamorphic w/ green matrix

4. Liked by Hadrian(Early 2)

5. Heavily used in Byzantine period

6. Columns, slabs on ground, sarcophagi frames

Marmor scyreticum

1. Greece, Skyros

2. Caesar→Late antiquity

3. Found mainly outside Rome

4. More limestone that marble

5. Opaque/multicolored, yellowish

6. Columns

Semessanto

1. Caesar→Late antiquity?

2. Skyros

3. Villa septimus Bassus

4. Quarried in very small amounts

Portosanta

1. Chios island, Greece

2. Locally from Archaic

3. Rome: 2st, BCE

4. Very small grain size

5. Can have grey/black variety

6. columns(4 basilicas), mosaic pieces

Fior di Pesci

Greece, central Euboea, Eritrea

1. Locally: Hellenistic

2. Rome: Augustan: Larger scale: Severan

3. Basic

Porfido verde antico

1. Laconia, Greece close to sparta

2. Igneous rock

3. Small amounts because rare

4. Locally: Late hellenistic

5. Rome:1-3 CE

6. Small columns, wall panels, opus sectile floor

                                                    

Pavonazzeto

1. Asia minor-Docimium.Synnada, Phrygia

2. Since Imperial period

3. Large imperial quarries

4. Highly prized and high quality

5. Pillars, statures, sarcophagi, imperial architecture

6. High quality, visually appealing

7. Not imperial so open market for elites

Cipollino rosso

1. Iasos-Asia Minor

2. Locally: Hellensitic

3. Rome/Province- 3rd, C CE, not a lot

4. Exploited(From Byzantine)

   1. Because no more Rosso Antico

5. Columns, floors, walls, geometric slabs, statuettes?

Marmor africano

1. Asia minor-Teos

2. From 1st Century BCE- Antonine period(no more) 2 CE

3. Limestone breccia

4. The Matrix has white lines. Cement can be dark black or green

5. 74 BC, some Luccus guy brought it

6. Column, statues mosaic pieces

Breccia corallina

1. Asia Minor-Bithynia

2. Augustus→Late Antiquity/Byzantine

3. Minly: columns & veneers

   1. 30 columns in Hadrian baths

4. Large white clasts, orange cement

Breccia di hereke

1. Hereke, 100km east of Istanbul

2. Pinkish orange matrix with round clasts

3. Mainly Byzantine/Ottoman period

4. Theodosin times

5. Small columns, sarcophagi

6. Church of saint sophia, Constantinople

Triponticum

1. Tripolis, Bithynia(Turkey)

2. From Republic→Byzantium

3. Small veneers, columns, busts,

4. Lots of quartz

White marble with grey

Prokonesos

• Marmara Island, turkey

• From late republic

• Wall and ground veneer

• White with grey

• durable-architecture

Alabastro Egiziano

1. East bank(Asyut, Beni Suef)

2. Locally:predyastic

3. Rome: 31 BCE, Actium

4. Pavement, wall veneer, imperial busts(base), small objects and vessels, tiles

5. Used by Etruscans and Phoenicians

Granitto rosso di asuan

1. Egypt, Asuan

2. Locally: 3rd D

3. Rome/provinces: 1 AD

Porfido rosso antico

1. Eastern desert(Mons Porphyrites)

2. 1-4AD(2-3 peak)

   1. Late antiquity?

3. Monolithic columns, imperial statues(Caracalla, base), wall, floor panels, basins, altars, sarcophagi

Grecco scrito

1. Algeria- Annaba

2. Locally: 1st C BCE

3. Rome: 1-4th C CE

4. Algeria→Small rain

5. Ephesos→Bigger(more exported)

6. Mainly wall/pavement veneer

1. Lumachella Orinetale(d’eggito)

   1. Tunisia: close to Thuburbo Majus

   2. Late Republic→Flavian

   3. Busts, columns

1. Giallo Antico

   1. Tunisia/Numidia

   2. Locally: late 2nd BCE

   3. Rome: 2nd-3rd peaked

      1. Until late antiquity

   4. Floors, walls, mosaic, columns, busts, statues 

Bricatello di spagna

1. Near Tortosa Spain

2. Locally: 1st C, CE

3. Rome: Severan period

4. Lion, mosaic

White marble most used

Carrara marble

• White marble

• Columns

• High quality

• Busts

• From 1s BCE

• Apuan alps, North Tuscany

• Fine grain, completely white