UNIT 3 Bio 11 Phylum Chordata

What four traits first appeared in Phylum Chordata?

Notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, post anal tail

What are the three subphyla of Phylum Chordata? What animals represent each class?

Cephalochordata (lancelets) Tunicata (sea squirts) Vertebrata (vertabrates ex mamals fish reptiles)

What is the notochord? What does it become in all vertebrates? 

it is a rigid rod shaped structure found in embryos of all chordates. Invertebrates the notochord develops into a spine

What is the dorsal nerve cord? What does it become in all vertebrates?  

tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord. in vertebrates the dorsal cord develops into a central nervous system

subphylum cephalochordata retains what in larval/embryo stage and adult stage 

invertebrates, all four characteristics of chordates are present throughout entire life, gill slits used to filter feeding, tail used for swimming

subphylum Tunicata retains what in larval/embryo stage and adult stage 

invertebrates, all four characteristics of chordates are present during larval stage only, lava or free swimming, adults are sessile they kept gill slits for filter feeding but lost tail because they don't need to move

What are the pharyngeal slits?

openings in the pharynx the pharynx is a part of the throat. In terrestrial vertebrates the pharyngeal slits develop into draw an inner ear. In aquatic vertebrates the slits become gills

What is the post-anal tail? What is it used for in Subphylum Cephalochordata? 

extension of dorsal nerve cord from behind anus, humans only have a tail during early stages of the embryo

What is the central nervous system composed of?  

Brain and spinal cord

what are all the classes of Subphylum Vertebrata,

Class Agnatha(jawless fish) Class Chrondrichthyes(Cartilaginous fish) Class Osteichthyes(Bony fish) Class Amphibia(amphibians) Class Reptilia(Reptiles) Class Aves (Birds) Class Mamailia(mamals)