Introduction to Computer Programming and Object-Oriented Logic

These flashcards cover the fundamentals of computer systems, software classifications, the Systems Development Life Cycle, programming methodologies, and the goals of the program development process.

What are the three basic components of a computer system?

Hardware, Software, and Peopleware.

How is Hardware defined in the lecture notes?

The tangible physical device(s) composed of electronic and mechanical parts, including the CPU, Memory, Storage devices, and Input-Output devices.

What is the definition of Software?

The intangible part of the computer system consisting of programs, processes, and data that reside in memory or the hard drive and contain instructions for execution.

What does Peopleware refer to?

Persons who use, maintain, administer, or simply interact with the computer, such as software developers, network administrators, and application users.

What is the specific purpose of Applications Software?

Programs designed to perform specific tasks or solve specific problems to meet user needs.

What is the role of Systems Software?

Programs designed to manage the internal working environment of the computer for effective operation, including operating systems and language processors.

What is Software Engineering?

The discipline of developing and maintaining efficient and reliable software that satisfies the requirements set by customers or users.

List the six steps of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) according to the transcript.

1. Assess Needs, 2. Design Specifications, 3. Design/Develop/Test software, 4. Support Operations, 5. Implement Systems, 6. Evaluate Performance.

How is Programming defined in the module?

The process of writing software in a specific programming language to meet systems requirements, involving program coding according to the language's rules.

What characterizes the Structured or Procedural methodology?

It breaks down complex problems into modules or procedures (decomposition) using top-down and/or bottom-up approaches.

What is the Object-oriented methodology?

An approach where objects are defined as software representations of things, people, or entities naturally part of the program to accomplish tasks.

In the goals of programming, what is the difference between Correctness and Robustness?

Correctness means a program performs functions properly without unwanted side effects, while Robustness means it continues to function in the presence of unforeseen environmental changes or bad data.

Why is Modifiability considered a goal of programming?

It ensures that logical units can be independently modified, tested, and debugged, and allows for reusability within other programs.

What is Maintainability and why is it important?

Maintainability is the ease with which a program can be read and understood by other programmers; it determines how long the software will be used.

List the six steps of the Program Development Process.

1. Problem Definition, 2. Problem Analysis, 3. Algorithm Development, 4. Coding and Documentation, 5. Test and Debug, 6. Maintenance.