Lecture Notes: Oxygen Radicals, Postperfusion Injury, Toxic Cell Injury, Microbial Pathogens, Viral Cell Injury

Flashcards covering key concepts from Pages 1-5 of the notes.

What are the oxygen radicals listed on Page 1?

Hydrogen peroxide; Superoxide; Hydroxyl radical.

Which radicals are indicated as O2-related species in the notes?

O2, H2O2, OH radicals.

What term on Page 2 describes tissue injury after blood flow is restored following ischemia?

Reperfusion.

List the elements associated with postperfusion injury mentioned on Page 2.

Thrombus, swollen cell, anoxia, necrotic cell.

What condition refers to lack of oxygen to tissues?

Anoxia.

What radicals are highlighted in postperfusion injury notes?

O2, H2O2, OH radicals.

What is the direct toxin example mentioned in Toxic Cell Injury?

Heavy metals (e.g., mercury) that disrupt S-S bonds.

What is the indirect toxin example given?

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), metabolized in the liver to form a more toxic metabolite.

What two modes of toxin action are described?

Direct and indirect toxins.

What do bacteria produce that contributes to microbial injury?

Toxins.

How do viruses injure cells according to the notes?

They kill cells from within (cytopathic effect).

What are the two categories of viral injury described?

Direct and indirect.

What types of viral genomes are mentioned on Page 5?

RNA and DNA.

Where is the binding site for foreign viral protein located?

On the cell membrane.

Which immune cell is named at the end of Page 5?

Lymphocyte.

Where might viral proteins be processed in the cell according to Page 5 notes?

RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).