Psych Chapter 1 - Day 1

What is psychology?

The study of the human mind and behavior

Clinical psychology

The study, treatment and research of psychological disorders

Experimental psychology

Scientific investigation for basic psychological processes

G Stanley Hall

• First American phd in psychology

• opened first psychology laboratory in the US at John Hawkins

• Founded the American psychological associations

Margaret Flor Washburn

• First women to earn psychology PhD

Mary Hawkins

First to do the work to earn a PhD but couldn’t receive it

Francis Cecil Sumner

First black person to earn a PhD in psychology

Counseling Psychologist

Treat people who do not meet the criteria for a psychological disorder but need therapeutic help

Community Psychologists

Create environments that support psychological well being rather than treating an individual

Psychiatry

A medical doctor that prescribes medicine

What kind of degree does a psychiatrist need?

Md

Clinical psychologist

Focused on the treatment of a psychological disorder

What kind of degree does a clinical psychologist need?

PhD

What is nativism and who founded it?

The idea that people are born with innate knowledge. Plato founded it.

What is Philosophical Empiricism and who was the founder?

Aristotle founded philosophical empiricism and it says that all knowledge is gained through experience.

How did the concept of demons play a role in psychology?

People thought demons were why we did weird things so we tried to explain psychological disorders using this.

What did the concept of demons lead to?

Trephination - drill a hole into the skull

Biologic Perspective

The concept that different psychological traits were housed in different organs (depending on where the issue was, treat that organ)

What did John Locke say?

Said that we are born as blank slates, all knowledge comes from experience and observation

What did witchcraft have to do with pyschology?

People thought that when people were experiencing a psychological disorder they were actually doing whichcraft.

Philosophical dualism

The idea that the mind and the body are different entities and we shouldn’t try to understand their correlation.

Phrenology

Bumps and divots on the skull correlate to parts of their personality (lack of an area = divot, excess of an area = bump)

What did Weber and Fechner focus on?

The difference between real and perceived world

Our perceptions are…

Interpretations

Gestault

The idea that we get more information from understanding something as a whole rather than breaking it into individual parts

What did Helmholtz examine?

How the nerves work

What was the myth about the reaction of nerves and what did Helmholtz prove that debunked this?

There was an idea that nerves reacted in the body as electricity did. Helmholtz proved the time gap, the further away in the body the longer a reaction takes.

Structuralism

What makes up our consciousness

What did Wilhelm Wundt found and what is he know as?

The school of structuralism and he is known as the godfather of psychology

What did Wilhelm Wundt open and when?

The first psychological lab in 1879

What is the process of introspection and who used it?

Wilhelm Wundt and he asked people to talk about what was happening in their mind

Functionalism

Focusing on how we use consciousness rather than what makes up consciousness

What course and who did William James teach?

Taught the first course in psychology and taught Mary Hawkins and tried to get her a degree

What did William James write?

The first psych textbook

Psychoanalysis

The idea that what drives our behavior is our unconscious

Who is most commonly associated with psychoanalysis?

Floyd

Behaviorism

Only looking at observable behavior

Who believed in behaviorism?

John Locke

Humanism

All humans have the capacity for good

What is the modern therapy built on?

Humanism

Cognitive psychology

Trying to figure out what is happening internally within the mind

Was happened as a result of the computer?

The cognitive revolution

What did Kurt Lewin want and believe?

He just wanted everyone to get along and believed that the best way to understand someone’s behavioral reaction is to understand their interpretation of the situation

Social psychology

The effect of real or imagined others on our behaviors and our cognition

Biopsychosocial

The concept of integrating biological components like the way our brain works and genetics, long lasting nurture components like what they experienced, and temporary social components of the situation they are currently in