Justice

what is justice?

justice is a broad concept encompassing fairness and equality, particularly in the application of law.

John Salmond defined law as...

" a body of principles recognised and applied by the state in the administration of justice."

4 types of justice:

corrective, distributive, utilitarianism and social.

what is corrective justice?

Corrective justice is about the fair treatment of people who act illegally and those who have been harmed by them, balancing the scales of justice.

what is distributive justice?

Distributive justice looks at the fair allocation of benefits in society.

what is utilitarianism justice?

Looks at the consequence of an act to decide whether it is just and the level of happiness it promotes.

what is social justice?

A 'hypothetical' system where, assuming everyone in society could operate behind a 'veil of ignorance', benefits and burdens would be distributed in an equitable manner.

Karl Marx

theories: focus on distributive justice. not communism and Marxism.

Aristotle

theories: distributive justice and corrective justice

Bentham

theories: utilitarianism

Rawls

theories: social justice

procedural

fair processes within the law. It focuses on whether the rules and decision making methods are fair and constantly applied.

substantive

relates to fair outcomes. it focuses on whether the final result is fair.