Theme 2 - Agriculture and Industry 1949-65

How many landlords were killed in the land redistribution?

1 to 2 million

What determined class of peasants?

Poor Peasants Associations

When was the Agrarian Reform Law?

1950

When was the 'land to the tiller' redistribution largely complete?

1952

What percentage of the land was redistributed to what percentage of the population?

45% to 60%

What percentage of households took part in land redistribution?

90%

From 1950 to 1952 what percentage did agricultural production increase by per annum?

15%

When were Mutual Aid Teams introduced?

December 1951

How many households were in each MAT?

Up to 10

By 1952 what percentage of peasants were estimated to be in MATs?

40%

When were Voluntary Agricultural Producers Co-operatives introduced?

1953

How many households were in each APC?

30 to 50

By December 1956 what percentage of peasants were in APCs?

95%

By June 1955 how many peasant households were in APCs?

17 million of 110 million

From 1953 to 1954 what percentage did agricultural production increase by?

2%

How many households were in each Higher APC?

200 - 300

By December 1955 what percentage of peasants were in higher APCs?

4%

By the end of 1956 what percentage of peasants were in higher level APCs?

90%

How many households were in each commune?

5,500

What percentage of women worked in agriculture from 1958 to 1959?

90%

When did the Politburo declare Communes the 'basic social units of communist society'?

August 1958

When was the Great Famine?

1958-62

What percentage did grain production increase by in 1957?

1%

What aged able-bodied people had to be a part of the commune militia?

15 - 50 year olds

By the end of 1958 how many co-operatives had been reorganised into 26,000 communes?

740,000

What was the first commune established in Henan in 1958 called?

'Sputnik Commune'

What percentage of the peasant population did the Party claim were living in communes?

99%

What 'scientific' method encouraged close and deep planting of crops?

Lysenkoism

What campaign was launched against rats, mosquitoes, flies and sparrows?

1958 Four Pests Campaign

How many people died in the Great Famine?

30 to 50 million

What percentage of cultivated land was affected by flooding or drought 1958 - 1962?

60%

How many Soviet scientists left China from the summer to September of 1960?

1,400

When did Liu Shaoqi dismiss Mao's claims of success in the GLF?

7000 Cadres Conference January 1962

By when had agricultural production reach 1957 level?

1965

By the mid-1960s what proportion of peasants' income was made up of private production?

1/3

What position did Liu Shaoqi hold after 1962?

Head of State

What position did Deng Xiaoping hold after 1962?

General Secretary of the Party

When was the First Five Year Plan?

1952-56

Over the course of the First Five Year Plan how much money did the USSR loan to China?

$300 million

How many Chinese technicians were sent to study in Russia?

28,000

How many major industrial enterprises did the USSR help the construction/reconstruction of?

156

When was the Sino-Soviet Mutual Assistance Treaty signed?

February 1950

How many Soviet industrial experts were sent to China?

11,000

What percentage did agricultural production increase by from 1949 - 1952 compared to 1952 - 1956?

15% to 2%

What was the annual growth rate during the First Five Year Plan?

15%

What percentage did industrial output increase by per annum 1952 - 1956?

15%

When was private sector industry abolished?

1956

How did coal production change in million tons from 1952 to 1957?

70 to 130

How many trucks were produced in China in 1952 compared to 1957?

0 to 7,500

How much grain was planned to be produced by 1953?

22 million tons

When was the Great Leap Forward?

1958-62

What percentage had industrial production risen by in the First Five Year Plan?

20%

From 1962 to 1970 what did the Ministry of Metallurgy declare it could produce?

20 million to 100 million tons

What percentage did industrial production decline by in 1962?

40%

How did steel production change in million metric tons from 1960 to 1962?

20 to 5

How did grain output change in million metric tons from 1957 to 1960?

190 to 140

What method of steel production created brittle, unusable steel?

Backyard furnaces

When was the Lushan Conference?

July 1959

Who was attacked after the Lushan Conference for forming a 'right opportunist clique'?

Peng Dehuai

Who replace Peng Dehuai as Defence Minister and Head of PLA?

Lin Biao

From 1962 to 1965 what percentage did light industry grow at?

25%

From 1962 to 1965 what percentage did heavy industry grow at?

15%

What did Mao want to achieve with the GLF?

'Walking on Two Legs'