AP Environmental Science 7.7 - Acid Deposition

What are the primary pollutants that contribute to acid deposition?

NOx (Nitrogen oxides) and SO2 (Sulfur dioxide)

What is the major source of SO2 emissions?

Coal-fired power plants, metal factories, and vehicles that burn diesel fuel.

How can acid rain be limited?

By reducing NOx and SO2 emissions through measures such as raising CAFE standards, using renewable energy resources, increasing public transit, and improving electricity efficiency.

What was the impact of the Clean Air Act on acid deposition in the U.S.?

It led to a dramatic decrease in acid deposition, particularly in the eastern United States.

What are secondary air pollutants formed from NOx and SO2?

Nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

How do H+ ions affect soil nutrients?

H+ ions can displace essential positively charged soil nutrients such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium.

What happens when aluminum becomes more soluble due to acid rain?

Aluminum can become toxic to plants and aquatic life.

What is the role of limestone in mitigating acid rain?

Limestone neutralizes acidic conditions in soil or water by reacting with H+ ions to form bicarbonate and releasing calcium ions.

What is the significance of pH in relation to acid deposition?

Lower pH indicates a higher concentration of H+ ions and more acidic conditions.

How does acid deposition typically affect plant roots?

It can lead to malformed root structures and reduced plant growth.