Orgo Functional Groups (copy)

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18 Terms

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Alkyl Halide

Halide (Cl, Br, or I) bonded to a sp3 hybridized carbon. makes carbon e- poor and a good reactive site.

<p>Halide (Cl, Br, or I) bonded to a sp3 hybridized carbon. makes carbon e- poor and a good reactive site.</p>
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Alkene

A carbon-carbon double bond (1 π bond)

pKa = 43-44

<p>A carbon-carbon double bond (1 <span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">π bond)</span></p><p>pKa = 43-44</p>
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Alkyne

pKa = 25

A carbon-carbon triple bond (2 π bonds)

<p>pKa = 25</p><p>A carbon-carbon triple bond (2 <span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);">π bonds)</span></p>
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Aromatic Rings

An arrangement of 3 alternating double bonds in a 6-members ring (ESPECIALLY STABLE)

Benzene pKa = 43

<p>An arrangement of 3 alternating double bonds in a 6-members ring (ESPECIALLY STABLE)</p><p>Benzene pKa = 43</p>
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Alcohol

pKa = 17

An -OH attached to an alkyl carbon (can do lots of reactions, usually losing the H)

<p>pKa = 17</p><p>An -OH attached to an alkyl carbon (can do lots of reactions, usually losing the H)</p>
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Ether

An oxygen with a single bond to a carbon on either side (typically pretty stable)

<p>An oxygen with a single bond to a carbon on either side (typically pretty stable)</p>
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Thiol

An -SH attached to an alkyl carbon

pKa = 10

<p>An -SH attached to an alkyl carbon</p><p>pKa = 10</p>
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Sulfide

A sulfur with a single bond to a carbon on either side

<p>A sulfur with a single bond to a carbon on either side</p>
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Amine

A nitrogen with a lone pair (donate e- more easily than oxygen), can be NH or NH2

<p>A nitrogen with a lone pair (donate e- more easily than oxygen), can be NH or NH2</p>
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Carbonyl

Any functional group that contains a C=O double bond

<p>Any functional group that contains a C=O double bond</p>
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amide

carbonyl

<p>carbonyl</p>
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ester

cabonyl

pKa = 25

<p>cabonyl</p><p>pKa = 25</p>
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anhydride

carbonyl

<p>carbonyl</p>
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acid chloride

carbonyl

<p>carbonyl</p>
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carboxylic acid

carbonyl

pKa = 4-5

<p>carbonyl</p><p>pKa = 4-5</p>
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ketone

carbonyl

<p>carbonyl</p>
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aldehyde

carbonyl

pKa = 17

<p>carbonyl</p><p>pKa = 17</p>
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acyl halide

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