FNR unit one

Where did the word soil come from

Solum meaning floor

What spheres are the pedoshpheres made up of

biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere

What is soil made out of

ergo matter, air, water, and minerals

urban soils

man-made soils that have lots of contamination

agriculture

plaggen soils that adds organic matter that uses manure

subaqueous soils

underwater soils

Ecosystem services of soils

Provisioning, Cultural, regulating, and supporting

Landscape

A picture of land using soil survey

Pedon

a 3-D cut of soil

soil profile

a 2-D description of peon

Soil horizon

layers of soil horizontally

O horizon

surface and not true soil

A horizon

Fertile soil and organic matter

E horizon

sandy and zone of eluviation

B horizon

zone of accumulation and illuviation

C horizon

weathered material and rocks

R horizon

Rocks

Soil Color shows what?

age, water content, redox

Soil Color- Hue

Color wheel

Soil Color- Value

lightness and darkness

Soil Color- Chroma

Intensity of color

Soil Structure in A Hor

1. Single grain

2. Granular

Soil Structure in Bhor

1. Blocky

2. Prismatic

Soil Structure in E hor

1. Platy

Soil Structure in C hor

Massive

What is soil without structure?

single grained

Soil Consistency

1. Loose

2. Friable

3. Frim

4. Extremely Firm

What is Fizz Test

Test for Carbonate (CaCO3)

Soil Survey

Mapping and tables with properties of soil

Map Unit AND?

shows proprieties and hazards

AOI

area of interest is the area of soil that wants to be mapped and studied

Parent Material

geological substance that the soil comes from

C

Parent material transportation

Water, wind, gravity, ice

Eight elements that make up most materials on earth

1. Oxygen

2. Silicone

3. Alumninunm

4. Sodium

5. Potassium

6. Iodine

7. calcium

8. magnesium

Minerals define

Minerals are solid chemicals structures

What are silicate

contains SiO which are the most common on earth

What is Rock

Minerals stuck together R

igneous rock

forms from magma being cooled

Ex:Granite

Sedimentary Rocks

consolidated with water and wind (forming together)

Metamorphic rock

heat or pressure (no melting)

Ex: Gneiss

Geological time vs soil time

rocks and minerals formed at a certain point and can be traced back

What does pH have to do with weathering

Lower the pH, the more resistant the mineral is to weathering