Chapter 1 Criminology

Which of the following disciplines is related to criminology?

.A. sociology

B. economics

C. political science

D. all of the above

D.

A common characteristic of the criminal justice systems in the United States is that

they are based on constitutional principles

Research has revealed that society's reaction to lawbreaking has often been

irrational, arbitrary

criminology is the study of

the making of laws

the breaking of laws

society's reaction to the breaking of laws

criminology generally focuses on the study of

crime and criminality

Edwin H. Sutherland mandated that criminologists, like all other scientists, collect information for study and analysis in accordance with

the research methods of modern science

According to the wheel of terrorism, which is not a transnational crime that is directly relevant to terrorism?

A. illicit arms trafficking

B. money laundering

C. animal poaching

D. computer crime

C

Who initially coined the term "criminology" in 1885?

Raffaele Garofalo

The conflict model of law assumes that

the criminal law expresses the values of the ruling class in a society

scientists who study the criminal justice system are referred to as

criminal justice specialists

all early societies imposed punishment for acts that were detrimental to their existence, such as

treason

according to Emile Durkheim, an act that can be considered criminal if it violates or offends the

collective conscience

Which of the following transnational crimes is not related to the financial support of terrorism

A. illicit drug trafficking

B. destruction of cultural property

C. money laundering

D. infiltration of legal business

B

the consensus model of law assumed that

the members of a society by and large agree on what is right and wrong

criminal justice generally focuses on all the following areas except

A. the just treatment of offenders

B. the needs of victims

crime

C. the effect of sentencing D. philosophy

C

at the turn of the 20th century, crime was attributed to

feeblemindedness

conflict theorists claim that the basic feature of human existence is

a struggle for power

natural-law philosophers believed that

some forms of behavior are innately criminal

criminologists distinguish between two conflicting perspectives on the origin of criminal law?

conflict and consensus

which of the following is not a characteristic of terrorism?

it is generally local in nature

true of false: In saying that criminologists have to study the process of lawbreaking, Edwin H. Sutherland meant that they should particularly determine whether someone has violated the criminal law.

false

true or false - Conflict theorists view society as a stable entity in which laws are created for the general good.

false

true or false: the principal crime problems of today are totally globalized

true

true or false: most criminological research supports the belief that escalating punishments is an effective way to deal with the crime problem

false

true or false: criminology is not an empirical science

false