Biostats Module 6: ANOVA

These flashcards provide a comprehensive overview of key concepts associated with ANOVA as discussed in Biostats Module 6, covering definitions, types of ANOVA, and methodologies.

What is ANOVA used for?

Comparing and finding the statistical significance between 3 or more independent groups.

What is the purpose of Levene’s test in ANOVA?

To test for heterogeneity of variance among groups and confirm the homogeneity assumption required in ANOVA tests

What does a larger F ratio indicate in ANOVA?

It suggests that the ANOVA is more likely to be significant.

large F-value → more variation w/in groups → more likely to be statistically significant

What does an ANOVA result being significant imply?

There is a difference between at least one of the group means.

What is power in the context of ANOVA?

The probability of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis.

How is effect size defined in ANOVA?

It measures how much the group means differ from one another.

What does the term 'One Way ANOVA' refer to?

It involves one independent factor with three or more levels.

What distinguishes Two Way ANOVA from One Way ANOVA?

It involves two independent variables, each with two or more levels to compare means

What is a Repeated Measures ANOVA?

An ANOVA where each subject is tested under all experimental conditions.

What is a Mixed Design ANOVA?

An ANOVA involving at least one independent factor and one repeated factor.

What do multiple comparison tests do after an ANOVA?

They identify which specific group means are different.

How do liberal tests differ from conservative tests in ANOVA?

Liberal tests find significant differences more readily, while conservative tests require means to be further apart to claim significance.

What is the purpose of post hoc multiple comparisons?

To explore all pairwise contrasts after finding a significant ANOVA.

What are simple effects in multifactorial ANOVA?

A separate analysis of each row or column within a factorial design.

What is the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA used for?

It's the nonparametric analog of one way ANOVA for comparing three or more independent groups.

What does ranking scores involve in nonparametric statistics?

Ranking all values from smallest to largest, averaging ranks in case of ties.