ip addressing and subnetting
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14 Terms
IP address
A logical address used to identify a device/interface on an IP network.
IPv4
A 32-bit addressing system written as four octets, e.g. 192.168.1.10.
Subnet mask
It identifies which part of an IPv4 address is the network portion and which part is the host portion.
/24
24 network bits and 8 host bits, equivalent to 255.255.255.0.
/30
30 network bits and 2 host bits, equivalent to 255.255.255.252.
/30 usage
It provides two usable host addresses, one for each router interface.
Private IPv4 address
An address reserved for internal networks and not directly routable on the public Internet.
Private IPv4 ranges
10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16.
Network address
The first address in a subnet, identifying the network itself.
Broadcast address
The last address in an IPv4 subnet, used to reach all hosts on that subnet.
Wildcard mask
The inverse of a subnet mask, commonly used in Cisco ACLs and routing protocols.
Wildcard mask for /24
0.0.0.255.
Wildcard mask for /30
0.0.0.3.
Relationship between subnet mask and wildcard mask
The wildcard mask is the inverse of the subnet mask.