Juvenile Correctional Systems Flashcards

Flashcards about Juvenile Correctional Systems

Chancery Court

Court created to consider petitions of those who were in need of special aid or intervention, including women and children.

Parens Patriae

“The state as the parent,” the concept upon which the juvenile justice system is built.

House of Refuge

Institutions that were oriented toward education and treatment for juveniles.

Deinstitutionalization

Movement to remove juveniles from correctional institutions and place them in community alternatives.

Get Tough Movement

Move to make the juvenile justice system act more like the adult system.

In re Holmes

Guaranteed constitutional rights to accused adults don’t apply to juveniles.

Kent v. United States

Set precedent for juvenile due process; juveniles entitled to formal hearing prior to waiver to criminal court.

In re Gault

Ruled that in hearings that may result in institutional confinement, juveniles have the same constitutional rights afforded to adults.

In re Winship

Ruled that standard of proof for conviction in juvenile court should be proof beyond reasonable doubt.

Breed v. Jones

Juveniles can’t be charged with same crime in juvenile and adult court – double jeopardy.

McKeiver v. Pennsylvania

Jury trials not required in juvenile courts.

Roper v. Simmons

Death penalty unconstitutional for those under 18 at time of crime.

Graham v. Florida

Juveniles can’t be sentenced to life without parole for crimes not involving murder.

Miller v. Alabama

Mandatory sentences of life without parole is unconstitutional for juveniles, even those convicted of murder.

Uniform Juvenile Court Act (UJCA)

Provides guidance to courts regarding juveniles.

Juvenile Detention

The temporary care of children in physically restricted facilities pending court disposition or transfer to another jurisdiction or agency.

Intake

Determination if juvenile case should be dismissed, handled informally, or referred to juvenile court.

Consent Decree

Delinquent admits wrongdoing and agrees to specific conditions of behavior, and case dismissed after certain time.

Referral

Formal processing of juvenile offense through juvenile court.

Delinquency petition

A statement the delinquent acts juvenile is alleged to have committed.

Adjudicate

To find juvenile guilty of delinquent act.

Disposition

The sanction for a juvenile found delinquent by juvenile court; similar to the sentence of a criminal offender.

Juvenile Waiver

Juvenile offender is waived from juvenile court to be tried in adult court.

Statutory waiver

Direct assignment of specific crimes committed by juveniles to be handled in adult court.

Discretionary waiver

Juvenile courts decide case by case whether juveniles should be waived.

Juvenile prison

Secure lockdown detention facility until 18, then transferred to state prison.

JJAEP – Juvenile Justice Alternative Education Program

For youth who have been expelled from school, or mandated by court to attend.