Glossary of Rhetorical Terms

A comprehensive glossary of rhetorical terms, devices, and strategies found in the lecture notes, including verbatim terminology and definitions.

Alliteration

repeating the same letter or sound (ex, funny phone both start w/ "f" sound

Amplificatio

repeating or adding details to make an idea stronger

Anacoluthon

a sentence that suddenly changes direction

Anadiplosis

repeating the last word of a sentence or phrase at the begging of the next sentence

Anamnesis

remembering something from the past to make a point

Anaphora

to start with a repetitive phrase

Antanaclasis/ploce

repeating the same word, but with a different meaning

Antithesis

putting opposite ideas near eachother to show contrast

Antonomasia

nickname

Apodioxis

rejecting an argument as unworthy of consideration

Apoplanesis

changing the subject to avoid awning a question

Aporia

expressing doubt on what to say or believe

Aposiopesis

suddenly stopping a sentence

Apostrophe

changing who you are addressing

Argumetntum and populum

claim something is true, right, or best just because a lot of people or a crowd thinks so, appeal to the crowd

Asianism

Style of speaking that is elaborate

Atticism

Style of speaking that is simple

Assonance

repeating vowel sounds in nearby words

Asyndeton

leaving out conjunctions, example "I came, I saw, I conquered"

Auxesis

using increasingly stronger word to build emphasis

Bomphiologia

Overly expressive language

Chiasmus

Reversing the order of words the second part of a phrase

Circumlocutio

Using lots of words instead of being direct

Climax

Build to cause a max of intensity

Comprobatio

Showing approval to an idea

Concessio/Paromologia

agree to part of your oppoinents point to make you seen more honest and use it to work for you

Correctio

Correcting what you already said to make what you said more accurate

Decorum

Using language that is appropriate for the situation

Deliberative rhetoric

a style of speech or writing that tries to persuade people to take or not take a future action

Dialysis

Separating two ideas

Diazeugma

One person performing several different actions (using different verb words)

Digressio

Temporarily going off topic before returning to main point

Division

Where you set out what you agree and disagree with your openents

Enargia

painting a mental picture

Enumeratio

Listing several points

Epiplexis

Asking a question to criticize

Epicheireme

An argument that includes reason/evidence in each step

Epideicic rehotirci

the rhetoric of praise and insult

Epistrophe

Repeating the same word at he end of sentences

Epizeuxis

Repeating a word immediately for emphasis

Erotema

A rhetorical question asked for effect

Erotesis

Asking a rhetorical question to make a point

Ethos

the attempt to establish a speaker's authority with the audience

Ethymeme

a half-assed syllogism, often making assumptions or generalization

Exordium

Canon Where you establish your authority as a speaker, ethos and showing your bona fide (good faith)

Figure

anything that makes language interesting

Fait accompli

Something thaat has already happened and is seen as impossible to change

Hendiadys

Using two words connected by and to express $1$ idea

Homioteleuton

Using words with similar ending or sounds close together

Horismus

Clearly defining what something is

Hypallage

Switching the usual relationship between words (ex,a sleepless night)

Hyperbaton

Separating word normally together

Hypophora

Asking a question just to answer it yourself

Hysteron Proteron

Putting events in an unusual order

Isocolon

Using phrases or sentence with similar length and structure

Kairos

timing

Law of induction

Induction moves from the specific to the general. A speaker shows a few examples and claims the whole group acts this way

Logos

Using logic to persuade

Macrologia

Using more words than necessary

Metanoia

Correct what you just said

Metaphor

Comparing unlike things

Metonymy

Replacing something with a realed word

Mesozeugma

One word connecting multiple parts of a sentence (ex, "He works nights, I days)

Mycterismus

Mocking someone through sarcastic language

Narration

You explain the area of argument and establish the facts

Occultatio

Mentioning something while pretending you will not discuss it

Occupatio

Drawing attention to something by saying you will not discuss it

Oratory

presuasive public speaking

Panegryric

Oratory of praise

Paralipsis

where a speaker emphasises a subject by at first pretending to ignore it

Paronomasia

A play on words

Pathos

an attempt to move the audience’s emotions

Peroration

Grand finale, summing up all you said and the time for the pathos appeal

Polysyndeton

Using many conjunction between words

Prolepsis

Anticipating an opposing argument before its made

Proof

Where you set out the arguments that support your case (LOGOS)

Prosopographia

Describing someones physical appearance

Refutation

attacking your opponents arguement

Rhetoric

the art of persuasion

Syllogism

$$\text{thought} + \text{thought} = \text{conclusion}$$

Similie

Comparing using like or as

Symploce

Repeating words at begging and end

Synathroesmus

Listing several words to emphasize something

Synecdoche

Using a part to represent the whole

Syntheton

Connecting two or more words with AND to emphasize

Systrophe

Grouping several related idea together

Tmesis

Splitting a word/phrase apart by inserting another word

Techn

A skill of persuasion

Tricolon

A series of three parallel words

Trope

Using a word in a nonliteral way

The law of averages

It is a folk belief that if something happens a lot now it will happen less later to balane things out

Zeugma

One word connect multiple words