Political Parties Exam 3

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10 Terms

1
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What election structures effects who votes?

  • Closing times

  • Process/ease of voting

  • Ballot format (grouping of candidates)

  • Voting systems (ink, punch cards, etc)

  • Dates of elections

  • Legislative redistricting

2
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Why have candidate centered campaigns replaced party centered?

  • Electoral reform (more direct primaries than caucuses)

  • Emergence of independent professionals

  • New forms of communication/campaigning (tv allows you to talk to voters directly)

  • Arrival of direct mail and PACs (not reliant on the party to fundraise)

  • Proliferation of interest groups and political orgs to champion you

3
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What are some sources of tension between candidates and party?

  • Differences in messaging

  • Different goals

  • Competing alliances between candidate team and party team

4
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Where does campaign money come from?

  • Individual contributions

  • Political action committees

  • Parties (national level)

  • Candidates themselves

  • Public funding

5
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Why don’t campaigns sell out to PACs?

  • Many don’t maximize their contribution allowance ($5000/election)

  • Money usually goes to incumbents

  • Often only give money to candidates who have already declared support for their cause

  • Lots of competition among PACs

6
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Campaign finance reform

  • Contribution limits

  • Spending limits (when using public funding)

  • Public disclosure

7
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Spending/contribution loopholes

  • Independent spending

  • Issue advocacy ads

8
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independent spending?

  • Super PACs

  • Groups can raise as much money as they want from individuals

  • Can call for the defeat or victory of a candidate

  • Can’t coordinate efforts with the campaign

9
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Issue advocacy ads?

  • Can coordinate with campaign

  • Can’t call for victory or defeat of a candidate

  • Meant to educate public about policies

  • Don’t directly endorse the candidate

10
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Why are parties necessary for a democratic government?

  • Every issue has at least two sides

  • Help communicate different povs

  • Outlast individuals

  • Defines how government operates

  • Members of caucus along party lines to pick party leeaders