Electrochemistry Concepts and Applications

These flashcards cover key concepts related to electrochemistry, including galvanic cells, standard reduction potentials, and electrolytic processes.

What is the definition of an anode in a galvanic cell?

The anode is the electrode where oxidation occurs and electrons are lost.

What occurs at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

Reduction takes place at the cathode, resulting in the gain of electrons.

What is the cell potential for a standard hydrogen electrode?

0V.

How do you determine which half reaction is oxidized in standard reduction potentials?

Flip the sign of the half-reaction with the lower potential.

What is the function of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

It allows for the exchange of ions between the two half-cells.

What does a positive cell potential indicate?

It indicates that the reaction is spontaneous.

What must occur for a spontaneous reaction involving the saturated calomel electrode?

The cell potential must be positive.

How is the cell potential related to Gibbs free energy (G)?

A positive cell potential corresponds to a negative Gibbs free energy.

In the context of electrochemistry, what does the Nernst equation help calculate?

It calculates the cell potential based on concentration differences.

What are ion-selective electrodes sensitive to?

They are sensitive to specific ions and often require calibration.

What happens when a zinc concentration cell operates?

Electrons flow from the compartment with lower concentration of Zn2+ to higher concentration.

What is the balanced equation for the reaction in a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell?

2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l).

What is the significance of the Faraday constant in electrochemistry?

It relates charge and moles of electrons in reactions.

What allows for the flow of electrons in a concentration cell?

A difference in ion concentration between two compartments.

Why might the predictions for electrolysis reactions differ in practice?

Due to overvoltage, which can affect oxidation and reduction outcomes.