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author
Writer/speaker
Message
what do they want their audience to take away from this?
Audience
whom the writer is aiming their communication towards
Purpose
The goal of the writer's communication: Consultants can ask writers what they expect the audience to do with the information they receive
Context
Where the communication is taking place; the physical and temporal circumstances in which readers will use your communication
Linguistic
Messages are communicated through written language
Visual
Messages are communicated through visual language, including colors, patterns, and textures
Auditory
Messages are communicated through spoken language and other auditory sources, such as music and sound effects.
Spatial
Messages are communicated through the organization of objects in space, such as a visual grid system and universal design
Gestural
Messages are communicated nonverbally through physical gestures, such as sign language, facial affect, and dance
Medium
The channel through which communications are conveyed
Genre
The form of communication; examples include novels, newspapers, lab reports, etc.
Hierarchy
What is going to increase or decrease one's cognitive load; Changing a font's weight, face, case, or color, can help create visual hierarchy by creating the most important piece in a large, bold font and decreasing as it gets to the less important information
Layout
Proximity: grouping projects together based on how close the objects are in relation to each other
Similarity: organized by their similarity in shape, orientation, color, or texture
Color
Be careful to consider the color of your text! “For most people, red and green contrast very well. But red and green are common color deficiencies. For example, if you use purple, brown, or orange, all of which have red in them, I’ll get lost”
Images
The Rule of Thirds
The Golden Ratio
Figure ground: our ability to separate one image from another, to distinguish what stands in the front and what stands in the back
Text
Font or typeface: the design of all alphabetic or numeric characters/punctuation of documents or projects
The legibility of font is determined by the ability to read it rapidly and easily
Other factors that affect fonts legibility: medium of document (page or screen), readers genre knowledge, their goals for reading