Cold war test review

the cold war

The indirect, but hostile, conflict between the U.S. and USSR between 1945-1991

containment

the theory that communism must not be allowed to spread

NATO

Defensive military alliance that was the first to be joined by the U.S. during peacetime

joesph stalin

Soviet leader who believed that between communism and capitalism, only one system could ultimately survive

Mao Zedong

led the Chinese Communists to victory in their civil war between 1929 and 1949

brinkmansip

Policy that threatened retaliation, to the edge (or brink) of all-out war, against acts of aggression toward the United States

bay of pigs

Failed CIA operation involving the invasion of Cuba and the overthrow of its new communist regime...did not go so well for the U.S.

fidel castro

Leader of the Cuban Revolution who allied himself with the USSR

Nikita Khrushchev

Leader who led the Soviet Union through the building of the Berlin Wall and Cuban Missile Crisis

MAD

Theory that dictated nuclear policy throughout the 1950s and 60s; it said that if neither side could achieve a first strike capability, then neither side would ultimately launch a nuclear attack

Ho Chi Minh

This North Vietnamese leader was considered a freedom fighter and hero by his people

napalm and Agent Orange

The use of these two items in our bombing campaigns was especially horrifying to people here in the U.S. and contributed to people joining the antiwar movement

My Lai Massacre

This slaughter of 500 innocent men, women and children by a U.S. army company in March of 1968, and its ensuing coverup, widened the credibility gap and helped turn public sentiment further against the war

Richard Nixon

This president was responsible for the escalation of the war into Laos and Cambodia, as well as the policy known as Vietnamization...which would ultimately lead to our departure from the war

War Powers Act

One result of the Vietnam War was the passage of this law in 1973 to limit the President's ability to send troops into a conflict without Congressional approval

U.S. lands a man on moon (Neil Armstrong) thus "winning" the space race

1969

The Berlin Wall falls as thousands of Germans gather to celebrate and crossover from East to West Berlin for the first time in decades

1989

Soviets launch Sputnik thus igniting the "Space Race"

1957

With planes taking off or landing every 30 seconds, the Berlin Airlift ships over 2.3 million tons of supplies to a blockaded West Berlin

1948-1949

The Soviet Union dissolves, officially ending the Cold War

1991

John F. Kennedy

President for the Bay of Pigs, Berlin Wall being built and the Cuban Missile Crisis

Jimmy Carter

Switched U.S. foreign policy to a human rights focus, got Israel and Egypt to sign the Camp David Accords and decided to boycott the Moscow Olympics in 1980

Harry Truman

President when the Cold War began, developed a doctrine that sent $400 million to Greece and Turkey to help fight communism and decided against using atomic weapons in the Korean War

Lyndon B. Johnson

President who committed U.S. ground troops to Vietnam, got Congress to pass the Tonkin Gulf Resolution and ordered Operation Rolling Thunder

Ronald Reagan

President who called the Soviet Union an "evil empire", nearly doubled U.S. defense spending (including billions of dollars for the SDI "Star Wars" system), and asked Mr. Gorbachev to "tear down this wall"

Dwight Eisehower

President during the 1950s, promoted containment policy and initiated the Eisenhower Doctrine to provide military and economic assistance to Middle Eastern countries resisting communism.

Richard Nixon

The 37th President of the United States who escalated U.S. involvement in Vietnam, initiated diplomatic relations with China, and was involved in the Watergate scandal that led to his resignation.

Gerald Ford

Refuses to send troops back to Vietnam

US/USSR cooperate in outer space

Mayaguez incident

Helsinki Accords

38^th Parallel

seprates north and south korea

17th parallel

sepeated north and souht vietnam