DHYG 117: Arteries

Worksheet #2- arteries and definitions

What is a large network of blood vessels called?

*pterygoid plexus

What is anastomosis?

the process when the vessels connect/communicate with each other

Define: Artery

carries blood AWAY from the heart

Define: Arteriole

artery branches off into smaller diameter arterioles

Define: Capillary

arterioles branch off into even smaller diameter capillaries

Define: Vein

larger diameter, drains blood from the venues/capilaries

Define: Venules

smaller diameter veins drain the capillaries

Define: Arteriole Plaque

substance lining arteries consisting mainly of cholesterol

What are the major arteries that supply the head and neck?

common carotid and subclavian arteries

Define: Atherosclerosis

narrowing and blockage of arteries by fatty arterial plaque

Define: Bacteremia

bacteria traveling within vascular system

Define: Carotid Pulse

reliable pulse palpated from common carotid artery

Define: Embolus/Emboli

foreign material(s) such as a thrombus (or thrombi) traveling in blood to block vessels

Define: Hematoma

resulting when a blood vessel is injured and small amount of blood escapes into surrounding tissue and then clots

Define: Hemorrhage

amounts of blood escaping into surrounding tissue without clotting when blood vessel is seriously injured.

Define: thrombus/Thrombi

clot(s) forming on inner blood vessel wall.

Define: vascular system

consists of arterial blood supply, capillary network, venous drainage

The origin of the left common carotid and left subclavian on the left side of the body is:

the aorta

The origin of the right common carotid and right subclavian on the right ride of the body is:

brachiocephalic

Where do the subclavian arteries travel?

to the upper extremity (at the arm)

Where do the common carotid artery(s) travel?

superiorly along the neck in a lateral position to both the trachea and larynx on its way to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

Describe where the internal carotid artery originates and travels.

it is a division that travels superiorly in a slightly lateral position in relationship to the external carotid artery after leaving the common carotid artery.

What does the internal carotid artery supply?

intracranial structures

Where does the External Carotid Artery originate?

Beings at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage, at the termination of the common carotid artery and the carotid sheet.

Where does the External Carotid Artery travel?

it travels superiorly in a more medial position in relationship to the internal carotid artery after arising from the common carotid artery.

What does the external carotid artery supply?

the extra cranial tissue of the head and neck, including the oral cavity.

How many sets of branches does the external carotid have?

8

Name the 8 branches of the external carotid:

superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, ascending pharyngeal arty, occipital artery, posterior auricular artery, superficial temporal artery, maxillary artery.

External Carotid (Anterior) Branch: Superior Thyroid Artery

Secondary Branches:

• Infrahyoid artery

• sternocleidomastoid branch

• superior laryngeal artery

• cricothyroid branch

External Carotid (Anterior) Branch: Lingual Artery

Secondary Branches:

• sublingual artery

• suprahyoid branch

External Carotid (Anterior) Branch: Facial Artery

Secondary Branches:

• ascending palatine artery

• submental artery

• inferior labial artery

• angular artery

What does the Superior Thyroid Artery supply?

• infrahyoid muscles

• sternocleidomastoid muscle

• muscles of the larynx

• thyroid gland

Lingual Artery Branch:

Sublingual supplies?

• mylohyoid muscles

• sublingual salivary glands

• floor of mouth

Lingual Artery Branch:

Dorsal Lingual supplies?

dorsal surface of tongue

Lingual Artery Branch:

Deep Lingual supplies?

tongue

Lingual Artery Branch:

Suprahyoid supplies?

suprahyoid muscles

Facial Artery Branch:

Ascending palatine supplies?

• Soft palate

• palatine muscles

• palatine tonsils

Facial Artery Branch:

Submental supplies?

• glandular branches, lymph nodes and salivary glands

• mylohyoid and digastric muscles

Facial Artery Branch:

Inferior labial supplies?

lower lip tissue and muscles of facial expression

Facial Artery Branch:

Superior labial supplies?

upper lip tissue

Facial Artery Branch:

Angular supplies?

tissues along side of nose

What is the Medial Branch of the external carotid?

ascending pharyngeal artery

What does the Ascending Pharyngeal Artery supply?

• pharyngeal walls

• soft palate

• meninges

• pharyngeal tonsils

What are the 2 Posterior Branches of the external carotid?

occipital artery and posterior auricular artery

What does the Occipital Artery supply?

• sternocleidomastoid muscle

• suprahyoid muscles

• posterior scalp

• meningeal tissue in area

What does the Post Auricular Artery supply?

• internal ear

• mastoid air cells

What are the 2 Terminal Branches of the external carotid?

superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery

What are the 4 branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery?

• Transverse facial

• Middle temporal

• frontal

• parietal

Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:

Transverse facial supplies:

parotid gland duct

Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:

Middle Temporal supplies:

temporalis muscle

Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:

Frontal supplies:

scalp in frontal region

Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:

Partietal supplies:

scalp in parietal region