Worksheet #2- arteries and definitions
What is a large network of blood vessels called?
*pterygoid plexus
What is anastomosis?
the process when the vessels connect/communicate with each other
Define: Artery
carries blood AWAY from the heart
Define: Arteriole
artery branches off into smaller diameter arterioles
Define: Capillary
arterioles branch off into even smaller diameter capillaries
Define: Vein
larger diameter, drains blood from the venues/capilaries
Define: Venules
smaller diameter veins drain the capillaries
Define: Arteriole Plaque
substance lining arteries consisting mainly of cholesterol
What are the major arteries that supply the head and neck?
common carotid and subclavian arteries
Define: Atherosclerosis
narrowing and blockage of arteries by fatty arterial plaque
Define: Bacteremia
bacteria traveling within vascular system
Define: Carotid Pulse
reliable pulse palpated from common carotid artery
Define: Embolus/Emboli
foreign material(s) such as a thrombus (or thrombi) traveling in blood to block vessels
Define: Hematoma
resulting when a blood vessel is injured and small amount of blood escapes into surrounding tissue and then clots
Define: Hemorrhage
amounts of blood escaping into surrounding tissue without clotting when blood vessel is seriously injured.
Define: thrombus/Thrombi
clot(s) forming on inner blood vessel wall.
Define: vascular system
consists of arterial blood supply, capillary network, venous drainage
The origin of the left common carotid and left subclavian on the left side of the body is:
the aorta
The origin of the right common carotid and right subclavian on the right ride of the body is:
brachiocephalic
Where do the subclavian arteries travel?
to the upper extremity (at the arm)
Where do the common carotid artery(s) travel?
superiorly along the neck in a lateral position to both the trachea and larynx on its way to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage
Describe where the internal carotid artery originates and travels.
it is a division that travels superiorly in a slightly lateral position in relationship to the external carotid artery after leaving the common carotid artery.
What does the internal carotid artery supply?
intracranial structures
Where does the External Carotid Artery originate?
Beings at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage, at the termination of the common carotid artery and the carotid sheet.
Where does the External Carotid Artery travel?
it travels superiorly in a more medial position in relationship to the internal carotid artery after arising from the common carotid artery.
What does the external carotid artery supply?
the extra cranial tissue of the head and neck, including the oral cavity.
How many sets of branches does the external carotid have?
8
Name the 8 branches of the external carotid:
superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, ascending pharyngeal arty, occipital artery, posterior auricular artery, superficial temporal artery, maxillary artery.
External Carotid (Anterior) Branch: Superior Thyroid Artery
Secondary Branches:
Infrahyoid artery
sternocleidomastoid branch
superior laryngeal artery
cricothyroid branch
External Carotid (Anterior) Branch: Lingual Artery
Secondary Branches:
sublingual artery
suprahyoid branch
External Carotid (Anterior) Branch: Facial Artery
Secondary Branches:
ascending palatine artery
submental artery
inferior labial artery
angular artery
What does the Superior Thyroid Artery supply?
infrahyoid muscles
sternocleidomastoid muscle
muscles of the larynx
thyroid gland
Lingual Artery Branch:
Sublingual supplies?
mylohyoid muscles
sublingual salivary glands
floor of mouth
Lingual Artery Branch:
Dorsal Lingual supplies?
dorsal surface of tongue
Lingual Artery Branch:
Deep Lingual supplies?
tongue
Lingual Artery Branch:
Suprahyoid supplies?
suprahyoid muscles
Facial Artery Branch:
Ascending palatine supplies?
Soft palate
palatine muscles
palatine tonsils
Facial Artery Branch:
Submental supplies?
glandular branches, lymph nodes and salivary glands
mylohyoid and digastric muscles
Facial Artery Branch:
Inferior labial supplies?
lower lip tissue and muscles of facial expression
Facial Artery Branch:
Superior labial supplies?
upper lip tissue
Facial Artery Branch:
Angular supplies?
tissues along side of nose
What is the Medial Branch of the external carotid?
ascending pharyngeal artery
What does the Ascending Pharyngeal Artery supply?
pharyngeal walls
soft palate
meninges
pharyngeal tonsils
What are the 2 Posterior Branches of the external carotid?
occipital artery and posterior auricular artery
What does the Occipital Artery supply?
sternocleidomastoid muscle
suprahyoid muscles
posterior scalp
meningeal tissue in area
What does the Post Auricular Artery supply?
internal ear
mastoid air cells
What are the 2 Terminal Branches of the external carotid?
superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery
What are the 4 branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery?
Transverse facial
Middle temporal
frontal
parietal
Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:
Transverse facial supplies:
parotid gland duct
Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:
Middle Temporal supplies:
temporalis muscle
Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:
Frontal supplies:
scalp in frontal region
Superficial Temporal Artery Branch:
Partietal supplies:
scalp in parietal region