Rad 130 - Basic physics primer and Rad units

measurable basic units - length, mass, time

What are base quantities?

Combination of one or more base quantities - energy, power, velocity, etc...

What are derived quantities?

Length = meter

Mass - kilogram

Time = second

What are the standard base quantity units (SI) for Length, Mass, and Time?

Exposure

Dose

Effective Dose

Radioactivity

What are the special quantities of radiation?

Air Kerma - Gya

Which SI unit is Exposure measured in?

Gray Tissue - Gyt

Which SI unit is Dose/Absorbed Dose measured in?

Seivert - Sv

Which SI unit is Effective Dose measured in?

Becquerel - Bq

Which SI unit is Radioactivity measured in?

how much radiation is coming out in to the air

What is the measurement for Exposure (Gya) measuring?

How much radiation is absorbed in the tissue - How much went in, minus how much radiation came out.

What is the measurement for Absorbed Dose (Gyt) measuring?

Kinetic Energy Released in Matter

What is Air KERMA?

the size of impact of the radiation when human body was exposed to it

What is the measurement for Effective Dose (SV) measuring?

the quantity of radioactive material

What is the measurement for Radioactivity (Bq) measuring?

Effective Dose - Seivert (Sv)

Occupational radiation monitoring devices analyze with which measturement/quantity?

Magnitude and Units

All measurements have which two parts?

SI system - Meter, Kilogram, Second

Which system of measurement do we use in Rad?

Static

What is the term that describes objects at rest?

Dynamic

What is the term that describes objects in motion?

speed

Velocity is AKA

Rate of change of position over time

How is velocity measured?

meters per second = m/s

What SI unit is velocity measured in?

v= d/t

(convert distance to meters and time to seconds)

What is the formula for velocity?

3 x 10^8 m/s

What is the velocity of a photon?

"c" (speed of light)

The velocity of a photon is the same as ____

constant

The velocity of a photon is constant or variable?

the rate of change of velocity over time

How is acceleration measured?

a = (vf - vi) / t

What is the formula for acceleration?

m/s^2

(meters per second, squared)

What SI base unit is acceleration measured in?

acceleration toward earth

What is gravity measuring?

m/s^2

meters per second, squared

What is the SI base unit measurement for gravity?

9.8 m/s^2

What is the acceleration rate for gravity?

the ability to do work

What is energy?

energy may be transformed from one form to another, but it cannot be created of destroyed

What is the law of conservation of energy?

energy of motion

What is kinetic energy?

KE = 1/2 mv^2

=

J = (1/2) (kg) (m/s)^2

What is the formula for kinetic energy (KE)?

J = joules

What SI base unit is KE measured in?

energy of position; stored energy

What is potential energy?

J = joules

What SI base unit is Potential Energy (PE) measured in?

PE= (mass) (gravity) (height)

=

J= (Kg) (9.8) (m)

What is the formula for potential energy (PE)?

1- identify values given

2- identify formula

3- convert values to base units m/kg/s

What are the steps to solving a word problem?

heat

When an electron is accelerated across the xray tube, 99% of it's energy is converted into _____

kinetic energy of the random motion of molecules

What is heat?

Celsius

Fahrenheit

Kelvin

What 3 scales measure temperature?

Conduction

Convection

Thermal

What are the 3 methods of heat transfer?

heat transfer by touch

What is conduction?

heat transfer by moving gas or liquid

What is convection?

infrared radiation

What is thermal heat transfer?

Radiation on the target

In the xray tube, how does radiation heat transfer take place?

the target touches

In the xray tube, how does conduction heat transfer take place?

the fan

In the xray tube, how does convection heat transfer take place?

Gya

What radiation unit would be used to measure output exposure?

Gyt

What radiation unit would be used to measure absorbed dose?

sievert

What radiation unit would be used to measure effective dose/dose equivalent?

bequerel

What radiation unit would be used to measure radioactivity?

Joules

What are the SI base unit for energy?