EMR Review

Use of specialized equipment such as cardiac monitors to stabilize patients

Advanced Life Support

Emergency lifesaving procedures used to stabilize patients

Basic Life Support

Provides continuing care to patients transported after treatment by EMRs

Appropriate medical facility

Delivery of an electric current to stop/correct lethal heart rhythmns

Defibrillation

Performs BLS skills and limited ALS skills

AEMT

Persons trained and certified to provide ALS

Paramedic

Trained to provide BLS and perform noninvasive procedures

EMT

The first medically trained person to arrive on scene

EMR

Medical control provided by a physician in contact with prehospital providers is called

Online

A physician who directs training courses, helps set medical policies, and ensures quality management of the EMS system is known as

Indirect medical control

Why was the EMS system developed?

To give patients a greater chance of survival

A BLS unit consists of

A properly equipped vehicle and EMTs

EMS Systems are evaluated by the:

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

The need for transport (as opposed to rapid or prompt transport) means

The patients condition requires care by medical professionals

Prompt transport to an appropriate medical facility means that

The patients condition may worsen without treatment

Rapid transport to an appropriate facility means that

EMS cannot give adequate care in the field

When EMTs or paramedics arrive on scene, the EMR should

Provide assistance

How is direct (online) medical control usually done?

Two way radio or phone

The process by which a person, institution, or program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain standards

Certification

Confidential medical info can only be discussed with

Medical personnel involved in the care of the patient

Which agency established the first national standard curriculum to train EMS providers?

Department of Transportation

T or F: EMRs can sometimes play a critical role in life or death situations

True

Once EMTs or paramedics arrive, an EMR’s job is done

False

Who is the overall leader of the EMS system

Physician or medical director

What are a few things that should be included in proper documentation?

Condition of the patient when found, description of MOI/NOI, vitals, treatment you gave, who took over, where the patient was transported to, any other pertinent info

How is Hep B spread?

Direct contact with infected blood

What is a CISD?

A critical incident stress debriefing

When are CISDs usually held?

24-72 hours after an incident

How is tuberculosis spread?

Indirect contact with airborne droplets

What is the first step in managing your stress?

Recognizing the signs and symptoms

The stage of the grieving process that involves trying to negotiate a postponement of death is called

Bargaining

In grieving, a normal reaction is one of disbelief that protects people involved. What is this stage called?

Denial

HIV stands for

Human immunodeficiency virus

How is HIV transmitted?

Direct contact with blood or semen

What do standard precautions give guidelines for safe procedures for?

Minimizing the spread of pathogens

The standard precautions recommended by the CDC (centers for disease control and prevention) are

Gloves, eyewear, face shield or mask, and handwashing

What is the most important consideration at the scene of an accident?

Making sure the scene is safe for you and others

Vehicles transporting a certain quantity of hazardous materials will be marked with

Specific placards

Safety begins when you are

Dispatched to the scene

You should never enter an emergency situation that is unsafe unless

You have the proper training and equipment

How does MRSA present?

As skin sores

The second stage of the grief process when the person experiencing grief becomes upset or angry at the event and others

Anger

Standard precautions assumes that all body fluids are

Potentially infectious

The first stage of grief where the person experiencing grief rejects the event.

Denial

The fifth stage of grief when the person recognizes the finality of the event

Acceptance

What are microorganisms capable of causing disease called?

Pathogens

What is preincident stress education?

It provides info about the stresses you will encounter and the reactions you might experience

What is an EMR’s legal responsibility to respond to a scene and provide care called?

Duty to act

Type of consent when a patient is unconscious or a serious life threat exists

Implied consent

Deviation from the accepted standard of care resulting in further injury

Negligence

Permission for treatment given by the patient

Expressed consent

Written request giving permission to medical providers to not attempt resuscitation

DNR (do not resuscitate)

Failure of the EMR to continue emergency treatment until relieved by someone of equal or higher training

Abandonment

Legal document stating types of medical care a person wants or does not want if unable to make decisions

Living will

Able to make rational decisions about personal well-being

Competent

Blood settling to the lowest point after death

Dependent lividity

Manner in which an individual must act when giving DNR order care

Standard of care

At a crime scene, what is your first priority as an EMR?

Ensure the scene is safe then provide care

To comply with the standard of care, you must

Provide care that a reasonable, prudent person with similar training would give under similar circumstances

Rigor mortis

An indication that the patient cannot be resuscitated

As an EMR on the scene of an emergency, the first legal principle to consider is

Duty to act

If you have made a mistake on your report, you should

Document the incident and not cover it up

What is consent?

Approval or permission to provide care

If a patient understands who you are and agrees to treatment, this is called

Expressed consent

A patient who does not refuse emergency care can be treated under 

Implied consent

Minors can be given emergency medical treatment without

Expressed consent

If a patient is a danger to themself or others and refuses help, an EMR should consider

Calling for help from law enforcement

An EMR must honor refusal or treatment if the patient

Is competent

Which organization defines the scope of skills taught in an EMR course?

USDOT

Most personal health info is protected under what law?

HIPAA

What laws protect citizens from liability for errors or omissons in giving good faith emergency care?

Good Samaritan laws

T or F: you have a legal duty to provide emergency care as an EMR if dispatched to a scene

True

T or F an EMR must determine whether a living will is legally valid before beginning lifesaving procedures

False

____ of attorney for health care is a legal document that allows a patient to designate another person to make medical decisions for him or her if he or she is unable to make decisions for him- or herself.

Durable power

An emergency medical responder's legal responsibility to respond promptly to an emergency scene and provide medical care (within the limits of training and available equipment).

Duty to act

What does HIPAA stand for?

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

A method used to place a patient on a backboard if there isn’t enough space to perform a log roll

Straddle lift

Used to move a patient onto a long backboard

Log roll

The rescuer grasps the patients arms from behind, used to remove a patient from a hazardous place

Arm to arm drag

A method of moving a patient without lifting or carrying him or her by tying their hands around your neck

Firefighter drag

Can be split into halves and applied to the patient from both sides

Scoop stretcher

Helps an unconscious patient maintain an open airway

Recovery position

Used when the patient cannot bear his or her own weight

Two person walking assist

The rescuer encloses the patient in a blanket and drags them to safety

Blanket drag

Method of carrying a patient out of tight quarters without equipment

Two person extremity carry

The rescuer grabs the patients clothes and moves them head first from the unsafe area

Clothes drag

A man lying on the ground next to his car must be moved. To protect his spine you should move him lengthwise with the

Straddle lift/straddle slide

What can be used to move a patient too heavy to lift or carry?

Clothes or blanket drag

What drag can provide some protection for the patients head and neck

Arm to arm

A patient in a sitting position that has sustained possible head or spine injuries will probably need a

Short backboard device

What is a pro of the two person seat carry?

It allows the two rescuers to see each other

The cradle in arms carry is best used to carry

A child

How many people are required for the pack strap carry

One person

A portable moving device used to carry a patient in a sitting position

A stair chair

How many people should be used for wheeled ambulance stretchers?

Two

What is a long backboard used for?

Lifting or moving patients who have sustained trauma, especially back or neck injuries

A patient who has experienced cardiac arrest presents as:

Unconcious, not breathing, and pulse less.

A patient with an infection would be expected to have an increase in:

White blood cells

After a patient experiences cardiac arrest, brain damage begins within how many minutes?

4 to 6

Blood clotting is the responsibility of:

Platelets