Unit 3 Chem Test - Bonds

Ionic bond definition

The electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in this type of compound. The metal ion transfers electrons to an atom lacking a full valence shell, giving the atoms positive and negative charges. These oppositely charged cations and anions then attract, forming an ion.

metallic definition

The attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons. The delocalized valence electrons fully encircle every cation, holding the metal atoms together in a lattice form.

covalent definition

A chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons. These type of bonds are formed between two nonmetal atoms or nonmetal atoms and metalloids.

ionic bond examples

NaCl
CuSo4

metallic bond examples

Fe
Ti

covalent bond examples

Cl2
Sugar
Co2
wax
oil

description of ionic bonding

each positive ion is completely surrounded. by negative ions, just as each negative ion is completely surrounded by positive ions, causing the cations and anions to attract.

description of metallic bonding

each metal atom is closely surrounded by 8 to 12 other metal atoms; however, there are delocalized electrons which serve as a "buffer" and cause the metal atoms to attract rather than repel.

description of network covalent bonding

the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous structure.

description of molecular covalent bonding

the molecules have strong intramolecular covalent bonds with weak intermolecular connections.

ionic melting point

high (melting)

metallic melting point

moderately high with great variety (melting)

network melting point

very high (melting)

molecular melting point

low (melting)

ionic and metallic boiling point

high (boiling)

network boiling point

very high (boiling)

molecular boiling point

low (boiling)

ionic conductivity

not in solid state; conducts when dissolved in water/in liquid state

metallic conductivity

conducts in solid state

network conductivity

no, graphite is an exception

molecular conductivity

no

ionic physical properties (3)

hard, rigid, brittle

metallic physical properties (2)

malleable, ductile

network physical properties (3)

hard, stiff, brittle

molecular physical properties (2)

often liquid or gas at room temp., relatively soft