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what were the causes of disease during medieval
.miasma
.the four humour
.astrology
.god
.theory of opposite
What were the prevention of disease during medival
.purifying the air
.prayer
.hygiene
What were the treatment of diseases during medieval
.prayer & repentance
.herbal remedies
.bloodletting & purging
.fasting
What were the care for diseases during medieval
.few public hospital only for travellers or old people
What were the causes of disease during renaissance
.weather
.transference
.god
.miasma
. Supernatural
What were prevention of diseases during renaissance
.cleanliness & hygiene
.prayer
.practice moderation
.quarantine
.hygiene
What were the treatment of diseases during renaissance
.transference
.herbal remedies(south and North America)
.iatrochemistry
What were the care in diseases during renaissance
.care in hospital
.pest houses
.number of hospitals
.printing press
What were the causes of diseases during industrial
.germ theory
What were the prevention of diseases during industrial
.vaccination
.quarantine
.public health act
What were the treatments of diseases during industrial
.Anaesthetics
.antiseptics
What were the care in disease during industrial
Improving in hospital and nursing
What were the cause of disease during Morden
.dna
.lifestyle
What were the prevention of disease during Morden
.penicillin
.magic bullet
.life style campaigns
What were the treatment in disease during Morden
Development in diagnosis
What were the care in diseases during Morden
NHS
When did the Black Death occur and what was its impact
14th century- killed 50% of population
.bubonic plague- caused swellings spread by the bite of fleas from rat symptoms,high temperature,headaches
.pneumonic plague-attack the lung painful to breath, cough up blood
What was the theory of the 4 humours
Hippocrates
.blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile
Needed to be balanced for good health
Hippocrates than developed my galen
What was printing press
1440
Allowed books to be copied much more easily which means people could question or adapt existing ideas
What was the great plague
1665
20% died-65,000 died in London
.prayer
.quarantine
Who was andreas Vesalius and why was she important
.created detailed drawing of the human body- proved galen theory incorrect
.influence people to have a proper understanding of the anatomy
.found out that the jaw was one bone
Who was Thomas Sydenham and why was he important
.made detail observations and kept an accurate record linked them to other diseases
.wrote a medical textbook “medical observations”
Who was William Harvey and what was he’s impact
Renaissance
.understanding of the body
.challenge to galen
.discovered how blood circulated around the body
.dissected animal and proved that blood was pumped by the blood
Who is Edward Jenner and what was his impact
18/19th Century
.created the first vaccination in medicine
.changed the idea of inoculation
.government made vaccination against small pox compulsory during 1853
Louis Pasteur
18/19th century
.germ theory
. Prove that germs causes disease by using fermentation to work out why his milk went sour
. First idea of cause of diseases that was accurate
Robert Koch
18/19th century
. Built on germ theory
. Discovered specific microbes.
. Discovered anthrax, tuberculosis and chicken cholera
Advancement of technology in Morden
.blood test
.x-ray
.ultrasound scan
.magic bullet
What was the idea of DNA in Morden
.1900- theory of genetics
.1953-Watson and crick discovered the shape of dna
.helps the understanding of cause of disease
what is the NHS during Morden
.1911- only covered working men
.1948- provided free heathcare for all from birth to death
Case study-penicillin
.1871-joseph lister used penicillin no record of his discovery
.1928- Fleming noticed in his lab some mold was killing bacteria in a dirty Petri dish , published
.1940-Florey&chain tested Fleming work on mice got backing from USA drug companies to mass produce
Case study-cancer
.second most common cancer
. 85% of cases are smoker
.1918- 1% of lung cancer
.1927- 14% of lung cancer
.radiotherapy
.chemotherapy
Government taking action during Morden
.advertsing ban
. Ban on smoking in public
. Anti-smoking campaigns
.raising taxes
Public health act of 1848
.government has laissez- Faire attitude to public heath
.encouraged ‘boards of health’ to monitor living conditions
.not compulsory
.many towns and cities ignored their recommendations
The public heath act of 1875
.compulsory
.HAD to provide clean water, dispose of sewage, built public toilet and public health officer to outbreak disease
.
Who wa John snow and what was his impact
Start- 1831
.Mapped out areas that had an increase in cholera and linked that dirty water was the cause
.only after the great sink of 1858 before the government included new sewers
.snows removal of the water pumps handle on boats street ended the outbreak of cholera in soho in 1854
Lifestyle factors
.smoking-beome increasingly important by 20th century
.diet
.alcohol- doctor made a link between drinking to much alcohol and disease
.tanning- doctors realise that prolonged exposure to the skin increases skin cancer
James Simpson
18/19th century
Anaesthetic- chloroform
.allowed longer more complex surgeries
.decreased blood loss
Joseph lister
18/19th century
.antiseptic
.carbolic spray- spray pumps
.changed the death rate from 50% to 15%
Florence nightingale
18/19th century
.believed in miasma
.set up nursing school in 1860
.wrote “notes on nursing” in 1859
Alexander Fleming
Modern-
Penicillin-1928
. Described from leaving bacteria on a Petri dish
Florey and chain
Morden
.freeze dried penicillin to keep it ready for use
.USA funded to mass produce the drug
.was used 2 million times during WW1
Crick and Watson
Modern
.discovered dna double helix
. Allowed scientist to discover genetic diseases and start human Genome project
The great sink
1858
Chadwick’s report
1842