exam 1 terms

public policy

system of laws and regulatory measures enacted by a government to address societal problems and manage public resources

levels of government

federal

state

local

federal powers

coining money

naturalization

regulating foreign commerce

regulating interstate commerce

state powers

conduct federal and state elections

regulating intrastate commerce

interstate

between states

intrastate

within states

local

rent laws

zoning issues

nuisance and safety ordinances

concurrent powers

taxation

lawmaking

law enforcement

establishing courts

law primary sources

constitutions

statutory law (legislation)

administrative law (regulations)

case law

statutory law

statutes/acts

consists of written laws passed by a legislative body

united states code

federal acts/statutes that are currently being enforced

Agriculture Title 7 Chapter 54

animal related things

animal welfare act

puppy mills conditions

poor vet care

tiny cages

filthy conditions

no grooming

nonstop breeding

separation

no walks, playing, petting

stressful transport

no retirement program

commercial dog breeding operation locations

missouri-741

indiana

ohio

iowa

oklahoma

wisconsin

mostly where agriculture occurs

puppy mill to pet store pipeline

born in mills, sold to brokers, sold to pet stores, sold to families

administrative law

regulations/rules

created by government agencies under authority granted to them by statutes

regulate the conduct and actions of government agencies

given a specific purpose in the US code

authority to write and issue regulations

code of federal regulations

administrative regulations and rules found here

regulations

policies that dictate how a law should be used

designed to be an explanation and an elaboration of the statutes that the agency is charged w/ enforcing

broad in…

….statute

specific in….

….regulation

Animal Welfare Act (AWA)

7,U.S.C.2131

statute gives USDA authority to make and issue regulations to implement and enforce the law

USDA AWA history

didn’t want to accept AWA as their responsibility

claimed they only dealt w/ livestock and poultry

Blue Book

AWA and regulations collection

injunction

court order requiring a person to do or cease doing an action

recidivism

person’s relapse into criminal behavior, often after the person undergoes intervention for the same criminal behavior

Office of Inspector general (OIG)

an independent organization within a U.S. agency that conducts audits, investigations, and reviews to prevent and detect fraud, waste, and abuse. Several federal agencies have and OIG including the USDA

AWA is limited to…

warm blooded animals.

outdated term and scientists understand some animals don’t fit warm or cold blooded

should also have no relevance bc all animals have emotion

AWA focuses on…

wholesale pet trade

wholesale pet trade

those who sell quantity to resellers

selling on internet need to be licensed

class A

breeders on site

class B

dealers → intermediaries that buy and resell animals

stakeholder

an individual or entity that has anything to gain or lose from a policy

bill

a drafted proposed law presented to a legislature for discussion

legislative

related to laws or the making of them

legislature

the legislative body of the country/state

legislator

a member of a legislature

why work on legislation

to protect the lives and advance the interests of animals through the legal system

local

municipal and county level

town, city

how a bill becomes a law

bill introduced

referred to senate/house committee

floor votes

sent to governor

signed into law

the federal AWA and USDA

don’t sufficiently protect animals in commercial breeding facilities

minimum standards don’t ensure humane care and treatment

doesn’t effectively enforce the AWA

states animal welfare laws

some have their own laws that breeders, brokers, and pet stores must follow

some have banned the sale of dogs and cats from commercial breeders

cities and commercial breeders

some have completely banned the sale of dogs and cats from them

felonies

serious crimes punishable by imprisonment in state prison

misdemeanors

less serious crimes punishable by up to one year in county jail; fines

petty offenses

minor violations punishable by fine only

class A,B,C misdemeanor

a fine and up to 364 days in jail

A highest and C lowest

class X-4 felony

prison up to 60 years

4 is the lowest

horrible hundred

list of 100 problem puppy mill breeders and dealers

dealers who have violations/concerns in the past year are included

puppy protection act and better care act

federal bills that support improving safety and conditions of dogs

pet financing protection laws

protect consumers when purchasing and are informed of all terms and conditions

puppy lemon laws

prevent dealers from selling a pet w/ a known severe illness or congenital defect to consumers without making it clear

retail pet sale bans

ban pet stores from selling dogs/cats from commercial breeders

pet store sourcing laws

regulate where pet stores get animals, banning from mills

pet store disclosure laws

require pet stores to full disclose where they source animals

(details about breeders)

the link

link between violence against humans and animal cruelty

illinois definition of feral cat

born in the wild or not socialized, abandoned, lives on farm