DK CHING (PAINT). ✅

Paint

a mixture of a solid pigment suspended in a liquid vehicle applied as a thin usu. opaque coating to a surface for protection and decoration

4 ingredients of paint

pigment, vehicles, thinners, driers

Pigment

a finely ground insoluble substance suspended in a liquid vehicle

vehicle

a liquid in which pigment is dispersed before being applied to a surface to control consistency, adhesion, gloss, and durability

drying oil

any of various oily, organic liquids, as linseed oil that oxidizes & hardens to form a tough elastic film when exposed in a thin layer of air

alkyd resin

any of a group of synthetic resins derived from a polyvalent alcohol in reaction with an organic acid, used chiefly in adhesives and paints

binder

nonvolatile part of paint vehicle that bonds particles of pigment into a cohesive film during the drying process.

epoxy paint

paint having an epoxy resin as a binder for increased resistance to abrasion, corrosion, and chemicals

latex

water emulsion of synthetic rubber or plastic globules obtained by polymerization and used in paints and adhesives

latex paint

a paint having a latex binder that coalesces as water evaporates from the emulsion. aka: rubber based paint, water base paint

thinner

a volatile liquid used to dilute paint or varnish to the desired or proper consistency for ease in application

Mineral spirits

volatile distillation of petroleum used as a solvent and thinner for paints and varnishes

turpentine

colorless, volatile oil obtained by distilling oleoresin from various conifers and used as a thinner and solvent for paints and varnishes.

gloss

the degree of surface luster of a dried paint film, ranging in decreasing order of gloss from high gloss, semigloss, eggshell, to flat.

Enamel

any paint or varnish drying to a very smooth hard, usu. glossy finish.

glassy substance, usually opaque, applied by fusion to the surface of metal, pottery, etc., as protective coating

colorfast

having color that will not fade or run with washing , age, or exposure to light, esp. sun

actinic ray

a ray of light such as UV that produces photochemical effects as the yellowing, chalking, and disintegration of paint coatings

hiding power

the ability of a paint film to conceal any marks, pattern, or color, on the surface to which it is applied. aka: covering power

glaze coat

thin coat of transparent color applied to enhance the color of a painted surface

anticorrosive paint

paint or primer specially formulated with rust inhibiting pigments to prevent or reeduce the corrosion of metal surfaces. aka: rust inhibiting paint

fire-retardant paint

paint specially formulated with silicone, polyvinyl chloride, or other substance to reduce the flame spread of a combustible material

heat resistant paint

paint specially formulated with silicone resins to withstand high temperatures

sealer

basecoat applied to reduce the absorption of subsequent coats of paint or varnish, or to prevent bleeding through the finish coat

dye

soluble coloring material that imparts color by absorption

stain

solution or suspension of pigment in a vehicle applied to penetrate and color a wood surface without obscuring or concealing the grains

penetrating stain

a stain that penetrates a wood surface, leaving a very thin film on the surface

water stain, spirit stain

2 types of penetrating stain

water stain

a penetrating stain made by dissolving dye in a water vehicle

spirit stain

penetrating stain made by dissolving dye in an alcohol or spirit vehicle

pigmented stain

an oil stain containing pigments capable of obscuring or concealing the grain and texture of a wood surface. aka: opaque stain

example: oil stain

oil stain

stain made by dissolving dye or suspending pigment in a drying oil or oil varnish vehicle

Achieved by using boiled linseed oil/ other various oils

varnish

liquid preparation consisting of a resin dissolved in an oil (oil varnish) or in alcohol (spirit varnish), that when spread and allowed to dry forms a hard, lustrous, usu transparent coating.

copal

hard, lustrous resin obtained from various tropical trees, used chiefly in making varnishes

Spar varnish

durable weather resistant varnish made from durable resins and linseed or tung oil. aka: marine varnish

Polyurethane varnish

an exceptionally hard, abrasion-resistant, and chemical resistant varnish made from a plastic resin of the same name

shellac

spirit varnish, made by dissolving purified lac flakes in denatured alcohol.

lacquer

any of various clear or colored synthetic coatings consisting of introcellulose or other cellulose derivative dissolved in a solvent that dries by evaporation to form a high gloss film

high gloss

having a brilliant sheen or luster

enamel

any paint or varnish drying to a very smooth, hard, usually glossy finish

semigloss

having a moderate satiny luster, producing a finish midway between high gloss and eggshell. also called satin finish.

eggshell

having little or no gloss, producing a finish midway between semigloss and flat

flat

without gloss or sheen

photochemical

of or pertaining to the chemical action of resdiant energy especially light

coverage

a measure of the area over which a gallon of paint may be spread at a given thickness usually expressed in square feet per gallon

paint system

a combination of one or more coatings selected for compatibility with each other and the surface to which theyvare applied, as well as suitability for the expected exposure and desired decorative effect

mistcoat

a thin sometimes pigmented coat applied to a finish coat to inprove its luster

topcoat

the final coat of paint applied to a surface. also called finish coat.

undercoat

a primer or intermediate coat applied to hide the color of the substrate and improve adhesion of the topcoat

ground coat

a primer or basecoat of paint intended to show through a topcoat. also called ground color.

basecoat

a first coat of paint or other liquid finish applied to a surface

primer

a basecoat applied to a surface to improve the adhesion of subsequent coats of paint or varnish. also called prime coat.

lac

a resinous secretion of the female of the lac insect, used in making shellac

chinese lacquer

a natural varnish obtained from an asian sumac, used to produce a highly polished, lustrous surface on wood. also called japanese lacquer.

oil paint

a paint in which the vehicle is a drying oil

alkyd paint

a paint in which the vehicle is an alkyd resin.