Foundations - Sound Bites

What is a doctor of chiropractic?

health care professionals for the diagnosis, care, and prevention of mechanical disorders of the spine as well as other parts of the musculoskeletal system

What the focus of chiropractic practice?

maintaining proper spinal function and its relationship with the nervous system and good health

nervous system

Functions to control and coordinate all organs and structures of the body and relates the individual to one's environment

What is the connection between spine and nervous system?

the spinal column protects the spinal cord, which is an extension of the brain and is part of the central nervous system

abnormal or dysfunctional spinal movement can adversely impact nerve function... affecting the communication between the brain and body

VSC (Vertebral Subluxation complex) is characterized

by lack of proper motion or position of a vertebral segment

Chiropractic Examination

identifies dysfunctional joints whether they are painful or not

Disturbed joint biomechanics can

Reduce optimal joint performance

Alter load distribution

Increase risk of injury

Accelerate degeneration

Adjustments specifically applied to joints can________

restore motion when the body's own muscles cannot

Adjustments help relieve pain, as well as

restore and maintain normal movement, biomechanics and function

Chiropractic services are used

most often to care for nueromusculoskeletal complaints

The cause of back and neck pain

result of poor posture, workplace and sports related injuries, motor vehicle accidents or simply sedentary lifestyles

The chiropractic perspective and practice

chiropractors identify dysfunctional joints (subluxation)

provide adjustments to help restore normal biomechanics

optimize joint function to reduce the risk of future problems or injuries

Function means

the ability to perform activities of daily living

Fucntion includes

range of motion, flexibility, stability, strength, and condition

Neuroplasticity Model

Represents a most plausible explanation for the various effects observed following chiropractic spinal adjusting

Haavik, Murphy, neuroplasticity research model

Spinal adjusts make appropriate joint movement, appropriate sensory input, appropriate central processing and integration, and appropriate output

SPA means

science, philosophy, art

Science

the state of knowing

Knowledge covering general truth or the operation of general laws, especially as obtained and tested through scientific method

Chiropractic science

Concerns itself with the relationship between structure, primarily of the spine, and function, primarily coordinated by the nervous system of the human body, as that relationship may affect the restoration and preservation of health.

Homeostasis

Any self-regulating process by which biological systems tend to main stability while adjusting conditions that are optimal to survive

philosophy

the most general beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group

Traditional chiropractic paradigm

1. The Body is self-healing and self-regulating

2.nervous system is master that regulates and controls all other organs and tissues of the body and relates to his/her environment

3. Spinal biomechanical dysfunction in the form of vertebral subluxations complex may affect the nervous system's ability to regulate function

4. The central focus of the doctor of chiropractic to correct, manage, or minimize vertebral subluxation through the spinal adjustment

Art

skilled acquire by experience, study, or observation

Vis medicatrix naturae

healing power of nature

Innate Intelligence

Intrinsic biological ability of an organism to react physiologically to the changing conditions of the external and internal environment

How the immune system works

Look at 2A notes

The ultimate control of homeostasis is accomplished by

the nervous system and the endocrine system

Subluxation

loss of proper motion or position of a spinal (vertebral) segment which may impact proper nervous system function

Adjustments represent

specifically applied forces to joints to restore motion when the body's own muscles cannot

The controlled force of adjustments safely generates

the energy needed to overcome such restrictions and take a joint back to its normal, full range of motion

The states of health or disease

the expression of the success or failure experienced by the organism in its effort to respond adaptively to environmental changes

Wellness

Dynamic state of health in which an individual progresses toward a higher level of functioning, achieving an optimum balance between internal and external environments.

It is not the strongest of the species that survive

but the ones ost adaptable to change

The purpose of chiropractic is to optimize health and helping patients achieve

Dynamic state of health in which an individual progresses toward a higher level of functioning, achieving an optimum balance between internal and external environments.

Before the advent of DC, DO, and PTs...

bonesetters were the main providers of joint manipulation treatment in the world

Osteopathic Paradigm

the integrity of the spine and skeleton and the relation to the proper function of the circulatory system

Daniel David Palmer

Founder of Chiropractic

D.D. Palmer and the formulation of the chiropractic theory

fundamental relationship between functional skeletal abnormality and the potential for adverse effects on the nervous system

The first adjustment

September 18, 1895 on Harvey Lillard. Was deaf for 17 years

Palmer's Core Chiropractic Concepts

the uniqueness of chiropractic lies in the assertion that the spine provides a key to affecting the nervous system which is the controlling and coordinating system of the body

D.D. Palmers Paradigm

A persons state of health depends on proper integration between skeletal structures and the function of the nervous system

Reverand Samuel Weed

created the word Chiropractic

Chiropractic means

done by hand

When was D.D. Palmer convicted if practicing medicine and osteopathy without a license

March 27, 1906

D.D was the _________ of chiropractic. B.J. was the _______ of chiropractic

founder, developer

B.J. taught variations of his father's second theory of chiropractic. He added several modifications: first, ______; later, _______

spine only, atlas-axis adjusting only

Defense of chiropractic in court

Shegataro Morikubo was tried in La Crosse, Wisconsin in 1907 for practicing without a license

Late in 1906, B.J. organized the

Universal Chiropractors' Association (UCA) to provide legal services to DCs arrested for unlicensed practice

Tom Morris

attorney for Morikubo and became attorney for UCA organizations made by BJ

Morris argues that

Dr. Morikubo had used no drugs nor scalpel, but only his hands

Morris introduced

Modernized Chiropractic into evidence, a book which claimed that chiropractic has a separate and distinct philosophy and practice

Morris/Palmer?UCA - The legal strategy

Chiropractors do not diagnose, but analyze spine for the cause of disease

DC's do not treat disease, they adjust subluxations

Therefore, DC should not adversely impacted by laws defining the practice of medicine that are not applicable to separate and distinct philosophy and practice of chiropractic

John Howard

PSC graduate in 1905

Served faculty at Palmer until 1906

Formed National College of Chiropractic in Davenport, Iowa, which moved to Chicago in 1908

First state to license Chiropractors

Kansas, 1913

Final state to license Chiropractors

Louisiana, 1974

The two national associations

National Chiropractic Association (NCA)

International Chiropractors Association (ICA)

National Chiropractic Association (NCA)

the forerunner of today's ACA, formed when BJ Palmer's UCA merged with the original ACA in 1950

International Chiropractors Association (ICA)

Originally called the Chiropractic Health Bureau (CHB), renamed in 1941

AMA committee on quackery

- formed in 1963

- primary mission was to contain and then eliminate chiropractic

- AMA starts an organized smear campaign against the chiropractic profession in 1920

Council on Chiropractic Education (CCE)

named this in 1947

In 1974, the U.S. Office of Education recognized the CCE as the official accrediting agency of all chiropractic colleges

Why is the CCE important?

Eligibility for its students to receive financial aid, graduate access to apply for licensure in all 50 states, and transferability of course work to other institutions of higher learning

Congress voted when to include chiropractors under medicare

1972

Wilk versus AMA

Started in 1976, antitrust lawsuit

Ended in 1987, Judge Susan Getzendanmer found the AMA guilty of an illegal effort to destroy the profession of chiropractic through boycott

Association of Chiropractic Colleges Paradigm (ACC)

In July 1996, the presidents of all seventeen CCE - accredited schools presented a series of consensus statements which sought to clarify professional common ground and to define chiropractic's role within the health care system

ACC position on chiropractic

Chiropractic is a health care discipline that emphasizes the inherent recuperative power of the body to heal itself.... without the use of drugs or surgery.

The practice of chiropractic focuses on the relationship between structure and function, and how that relationship affects the preservation and restoration of health.

In addition, doctors of chiropractic recognized the value and responsibility of working in cooperation with other health care practitioners when it is in the best interest of the patient to do so.

Number 4 of ACC position on Chiropractic

Respect the professional differences that can exist within the chiropractic scope and practice as outlined in the ACC paradigm

Chiropractic in military 2000

President Clinton signed the mandate that chiropractic care be made available to all active-duty personnel

Chiropractic in military 2002

President Bush signed the Dept. of Veterans Affairs Health Care Programs Enhancement Act of 2001, mandating chiropractic as a permanent benefit within the Dept. of Veterans Affairs Health System

Chiropractic in military 2024

Chiropractors were serving in official capacities at 276 VA sites of Care, 170 VA hospitals, and 65 active duty military treatment facilities in the US and overseas

Chiropractors in Hospital and Integrated Settings

We are apart of the strategy for pain control and non-pharmacologic strategies

What's a paradigm?

a set of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitutes a way of viewing reality for the community that shares them, especially in an intellectual discipline

Homeostasis

the ability or tendency of an organism or a cell to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiological processes

Quote by DD Palmer in 1910

The resistance of the host is more significant than the power of the pathogen

Quote by Rene Dubos in 1982

The states of health or disease are the expression of the success or failure experienced by the organism in its effort to respond adaptively to environmental changes

Quote by Andrew Weil in 1998 and 2005

Rather than warring on disease agents with the hope (vain I suspect) of eliminating them,... we out to worry more about strengthening resistance to them and learning to live in balance with them more of the time

The three T's - A contemporary perspective

Trauma, Toxins, Thoughts (Physical, Chemical, Emotion)

Where does subluxation relate to the Three T's?

subluxation represents physical trauma

Bridging the Philosophy and the Science

The concept of Innate Intelligence in a biological context is represented in the discussion of "How the Immune System Works"

How the term Innate is applied in "How the Immune System Works"

Applied here by immunologists because this immune system mechanism is a natural defense that all animals have and has existed and evolved for more than 500 million years