Test 2: Slavery & Servitude

What are three key coastal ports in Africa involved in the Atlantic slave trade?

Ouidah (present-day Benin), Luanda (present-day Angola), Gorée Island (present-day Senegal).

Where were enslaved people from Ouidah often taken?

Brazil, the Caribbean, and the U.S.

Where were enslaved people taken from Luanda transported to?

Brazil and the Caribbean

Enslaved people taken from Gorée Island were sent to which locations?

French Caribbean colonies and North America.

Which regions received the most enslaved people?

Brazil, the Caribbean, Spanish America, and the U.S.

Why did Portugal receive so many enslaved people?

It was one of the first countries involved in the slave trade and had labor-intensive industries with high mortality rates.

What products were produced using enslaved labor in Portugal’s colonies?

Sugar, gold, and coffee.

What products were produced in the Caribbean using enslaved labor?

Sugar.

What were the main industries using enslaved labor in Spanish America?

Mining and agriculture.

What were the key crops grown with enslaved labor in the U.S.?

Tobacco, rice, and cotton.

Which European powers were most active in the transatlantic slave trade?

Portugal, Britain, France, Netherlands, and Denmark.

What was Portugal's typical trade route?

West/Central Africa → Brazil.

What was Britain’s typical slave trade route?

West African ports (e.g., Ghana, Gambia) → Caribbean and U.S. → Britain.

Which African ports did France control?

Ports along the Gold Coast like Senegal, Angola, and Ouidah.

What was France’s trade route?

Gold Coast → French Caribbean.

Which ports did the Netherlands control?

Elmina (Ghana), Senegal, Luanda.

What was the Dutch trade route?

Africa → Dutch colonies in South America and the Caribbean.

What port did Denmark control, and where did it trade enslaved people?

Controlled Gold Coast ports (e.g., Ghana) → Danish Caribbean.

What factors affected variation in slave voyages?

Length of the voyage, time of year, and size of the ship.