Chapter F5: Vocabulary

Infection Control

The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms from one individual to another

Infectious

Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection

Cleaning

A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris and many disease causing germs. Also removes invisible debris that interfere with disinfection (This is what beauty professional are required to do before disinfecting)

Sanitation (also known as Sanitizing)

A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

Disinfection

A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms including bacteria, viruses and fungi (except bacterial spores) on implements and environmental surfaces

Sterilizing

Process that destroy all microbial life, including spores, generally with the use of an autoclave

Disfinfectants

Chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces

Disease

An abnormal condition of all part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

Infection

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens

Direct Transmission

Transmission of pathogens through touching including shaking hands, kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking

Indirect Transmission

Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface

Airborne Transmission and Respiratory Droplets

When a pathogen living in our respiratory is expelled through coughing, sneezing, or even talking.

Infectious Disease

Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body; an infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person

Bacterial Spores

Bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments and to shed the coating when conditions become more favorable to them

Bactericidal

Capable of destroying bacteria

Virucidal

Capable of destroying viruses

Fungicidal

Capable of destroying molds and fungi

Contagious Disease (also known as Communicable Disease)

Disease that is capable of being spread from one person to another

Communicable

Able to be communicated; transferable by contact from one person to another as in a communicable diseases

Contamination

The presence, of the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface, or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair and skin

Decontamination

The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface and the removal of visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin

Diagnosis

Determination of the nature A disease from a symptoms and/or diagnostic test; federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis

Germs

Non-scientific synonym for disease-producing organisms

Occupational Disease

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated over exposure to certain products or ingredients

Parasitic Disease

Disease caused by parasites such as lice and mites

Pathogenic Disease

Disease produced by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites

Toxins

various poisonous substance produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)

Bacteria (also called Germs or Microbes)

Single-celled microorganisms that have booth plant and animal characteristics; some bacteria are shameful and some are harmless

Microorganisms

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size

Nonpathogen

Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact since they do not cause disease or harm

Pathogenic

Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body

Inflammation

A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling

Pus

A fluid created by infection

Local Infection

An infection such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus

Systemic Infection

An infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body rather than staying in one area or organ

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments, such as antibiotics

Staphylococci

Pus-forming bacteria that grows in clusters, like bunch of grapes and cause abscesses, pustules, and boils

Streptococci

Grow in curved lines, resembling a string of beads.

Infections: strep throat, blood poisoning

Diplococci

Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs.

Infection: pneumonia

Cocci

Round shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups

Rarely show motility (self-movement)

Bacilli

Short rod shaped bacteria. The most common form of bacteria.

Produces diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria

Uses slender, hair-like extensions (flagella or cilia) for locomotion

Spiralla

Spiral and corkscrew shaped bacteria.

They are sub-divided into subgroups such as Treponema Pallidum, which causes syphilis. Also, borrelia burgorferi which causes Lyme disease

Uses slender, hair-like extensions (flagella or cilia) for locomotion

Cilia

Is shorter and moves in a rowing motion

Flagella

Moves in a snake-like motion

Mycobacterium

A large family of bacteria that is often found in soil and water

Viruses

A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups; also a cutaneous viral infection commonly contracted through sexual transmission and exhibited by genital warts

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

An inflammatory disease of the skin caused by a viral infection and characterized by small vesicles in clusters

Hepatitis

A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Virus that causes HIV diseases and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

A disease that breaks down the body’s immune system; AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Bloodborne Pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV

Fungi

Single-celled organisms that grow in irregular masses and include molds, mildew, and yeast; they can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm

Mildew

A type of fungus that affects plants of grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the barbershop

Tinea Barbas (also known as Barber’s Itch)

A superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin; it is primarily limited to the beard areas of the face and neck or around the scalp

Tinea Capitis

A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red popes or spots at the opening of the hair follicle

Ringworm

A fungal infection of the skin that appears in circular lesions

Parasites

Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or inside another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism.

They must have a host to survive

Pediculosis Capitis

Infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice

Scabies

A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin

Biofilms

Colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body

Antiseptics

Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Multiuse (also known as Reuseable)

Items that can be cleaned, disinfected and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid

Efficacy

The ability of a product to produce the intended effect; on a disinfectant label, it indicates specific pathogens destroyed or disabled when used properly

Nonporous

An item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids

Porous

Made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings; porous item are absorbent

Quaternary ammunition compounds (also known as Quats)

Products made of quaternary ammonium cations and are designed for disinfection of nonporous surfaces; they are appropriate for use in non critical (noninvasive) environments and are effective against most pathogens of concern in the salon, spa or barbershop environment

Tuberculocidal Disinfectant (referred as Phenolics)

Proven to kill the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, in addition to other pathogens destroyed through the use of hospital disinfectants

Tuberculosis

A diseases caused by bacteria that transmitted through coughing or sneezing

Phenolic Disnfectants

Tubercuolcidal disinfectant that are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes

Sodium hypochlorite

Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon, spa, and barbershop

Chelating Soaps (also known as Chelating Detergents)

Break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks;

Standard Precautions

guidelines published by the CDC that required the employer and employee to assume that any human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious

Asymptomatic

Showing no symptoms of signs of infection

Exposure Incident

Contact with non-intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials, which is result of the performance of an employee’s duties

Immersion

Items that can be safety and effectively immersed in disinfectant

Etiology

The study of the cause of the disease