Metabolic Syndrome

What does metabolic syndrome increase the risk of?

CVD, DM, and fatty liver disease

What is the etiology of metabolic syndrome?

OB + lack of physical activity + genetics

Which type of adipose tissue is described as having a stronger role in the development of insulin resistance?

Visceral fat

What is the consequence of chronic hyperglycemia?

micro and macrovascular damage

What is a sign of insulin resistance?

peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and acanthosis nigricans

What is the waist circumference criteria for MS?

M > 40 in (102 cm)
W > 35 in (88 cm)

What is the blood pressure criteria for MS?

> 130 mmHg systolic or > 85 mmHg diastolic

What is the triglycerides criteria for MS?

(fasting) > 150 mg/dL

What is the HDL criteria for MS?

M < 40 mg/dL
W < 50 mg/dL

What is the fasting glucose criteria for MS?

> 100 mg/dL

What other labs should you get when trying to diagnose MS?

HbA1C, LFTs, CRP, TSH, ECG

What is the most effective strategy in management for those with MS?

lifestyle changes

What does MS increase the risk of?q

NAFLD, HTN, T2DM

What is the first line treatment for someone with MS that has HTN?

ACEi/ARB

What is the dyslipidemia goal for someone with MS?

LDL < 100 mg/dL

What is the first line treatment for HLD for someone with MS?

high intensity statin (ex. atorvastatin (40-80mg) or rosuvastatin (20-40mg))

What is an indication for surgery for someone with MS?

1) failure of dietary and lifestyle modifications
2) BMI > 40
3) BMI > 35 + comorbidities