Types of volcano eruption SCIENCE Q3

Phreatic or hydrothermal

Is a steam-driven eruption as the hot rocks come in contact with water. It is short lived, characterized by ash columns but may be an onset of a larger eruption

Strombolian

A periodic weak to violet characterized by fountain lava and are driven by the bursting of bubbles within the magma

Vulcanian

Characterized by tall eruptin columns that reach up to 20km high with pyroclastic flow and ashfall tephra

Pelean

A large amount of gas, dust, ash, and lava fragments are blown out the volcano’s central crater

Plinian

Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastic, the eruption starts the where dissolved gases are stored in the magma

Hawaiian

Fluid basaltic lava is thrown into the air in jets from a vent or line of vents at the summit or on the flank of a volcano. Is a type of volcanic eruption where lava flows from the vent in a relative gentle low eruption

Phreatomagnetic

Is a violet eruption due to the contact between water and magma. As a result, a large column of very fine ash and high-speed and sideway emission of pyroclastics called base surges are observed

Surtseyan

Is a type of volcanic eruption caused by shallow-water interactions betweem water and lava. Are the wet equivalent of ground-based strombolian eruptions. As water is heated by lava it forms stream and expands violently fragmenting the magma

Submarine

Are a type of volcanic eruption that occurs underwater. Are generated by near mid ocean ridges and seamounts (underwater volcanoes), and are driven by one of two processes

Subglacial

Are a type of eruption characterized by interactions between lava and ice, often under a glacier. It occurs at areas of high latitude and high altitude

Seismometers

Are instruments that measure and record motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes

Advantages of volcanoes to mankind

Improve land fertility, refuge for plants and animals, tourism, provide energy, carbon cycle regulation, provide water in the atmosphere

Disadvantages of volcanoes to mankind

Large-scale destruction, fear of eruption, harmful gases, global warming

Strombolian eruption

Phreatic eruption

Pelean eruption

Plinian eruption

Hawaiian eruption

Surtseyan eruption

Submarine eruption

Subglacial eruption