Ch1 Narration #1(1.1-1.3)

Anatomy

The study of the structure and shape of the cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems that make up the body.

Gross Anatomy

The study of anatomical structures that can be observed with the naked eye.

Microscopic Anatomy

The study of anatomical structures that require a microscope to be observed.

Physiology

The study of how the body and its parts work or function.

Structure is suited to function

The concept that the structure of an organ determines its function.

Atoms

The smallest piece of matter, forming the foundation of all structure.

Molecules

Combinations of atoms that form the chemical building blocks for cells.

Cells

The smallest unit of living things; the basic structural unit of organisms.

Tissues

Groups of similar cells performing the same function.

Organs

Structures made up of two or more tissue types that perform a specific function.

Organ Systems

Groups of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose.

Integumentary System

The organ system that forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues.

Skeletal System

The organ system consisting of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints that supports and protects the body.

Muscular System

The organ system that allows for manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression.

Nervous System

The fast-acting control system of the body that responds to internal and external changes.

Endocrine System

The organ system that secretes hormones to regulate processes such as growth and reproduction.

Cardiovascular System

The organ system that pumps blood and transports oxygen, nutrients, and other substances.

Lymphatic System

The organ system that helps return leaked fluids to the bloodstream and houses white blood cells.

Respiratory System

The organ system that keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.

Digestive System

The organ system that breaks down food into absorbable nutrients and eliminates indigestible food.

Urinary System

The organ system that eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body and regulates water balance.

Reproductive System

The organ system responsible for the production of offspring.

Maintaining boundaries

Separating the internal environment from the external environment to maintain homeostasis.

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical reactions within the body, including the breakdown and building of molecules.

Excretion

The process of eliminating waste products from the body.

Growth

An increase in size or number of cells, leading to an increase in body size.

Survival Needs

Essential requirements for sustaining life, including nutrients, oxygen, water, body temperature, and atmospheric pressure.