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Define natural resources.
Materials or substances found in nature used for economic gain.
What are the three equations of motion?
v = u + at
Name two non-conventional sources of energy.
Solar energy
What is the primary function of stomata in plants?
Gas exchange and transpiration
Define democracy as per Abraham Lincoln.
Government of the people
What is the principle of a simple pendulum?
Periodic motion dependent on length and gravity.
What is a colloid?
A mixture where particles are dispersed but not dissolved.
Explain GDP.
Gross Domestic Product is the total value of goods and services produced in a country.
What is the purpose of the Food Security Act
2013?
What are metallic minerals?
Minerals containing metals
What is the universal law of gravitation?
F = G × (m₁m₂)/r²
Define decentralization in governance.
The process of distributing decision-making powers to lower levels of government.
Name the two types of cells based on the presence of a nucleus.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What is the full form of DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Name two examples of biodegradable waste.
Vegetable peels
What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Autotrophs make their own food; heterotrophs depend on others.
What are the different types of plate boundaries?
Divergent
What is the primary cause of tides?
Gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun.
Name the three organs of the Indian government.
Legislature
Define latent heat.
The heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.
What is biodiversity hotspot?
A region rich in biodiversity but threatened by human activities.
Explain the term 'Electrolysis'.
The chemical decomposition of a substance using electricity.
Name two examples of chemical changes.
Rusting of iron
What is the primary goal of the Five-Year Plans in India?
Economic growth and poverty alleviation.
What are fossils?
The preserved remains or impressions of ancient organisms.
What is the smallest bone in the human body?
Stapes (in the ear)
Define displacement.
The shortest distance between two points in a straight line.
Name the major types of agriculture practiced in India.
Subsistence farming
What is the purpose of a judicial review?
To ensure laws align with the Constitution.
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in its nucleus.
Define nationalism.
A sense of pride and unity in one's nation.
What are the two main types of electric charge?
Positive and negative
Who was the founder of the Mauryan Empire?
Chandragupta Maurya
What is the significance of the Silk Road?
Facilitated trade and cultural exchange between Asia and Europe.
What is sustainable development?
Development meeting present needs without compromising future generations.
Define hypermetropia.
A vision defect where distant objects appear clear
What are the characteristics of a democratic government?
Free elections
What is the unit of electric current?
Ampere (A)
What are constellations?
Groups of stars forming recognizable patterns.
Name two diseases caused by bacteria.
Tuberculosis
Define absolute poverty.
The inability to meet basic needs like food
What are carnivores?
Animals that feed on other animals.
What are the main constituents of biogas?
Methane
What is the main purpose of the Green Revolution?
To increase agricultural productivity.
What is an ecosystem?
A community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid
Define judicial activism.
The proactive role of the judiciary in ensuring justice and constitutionaladherence.
What is the function of the chloroplast in plants?
Photosynthesis and production of glucose.
Name two social reformers of India.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
