Chem Elements Quiz

Hydrogen

Symbol: $H$, Atomic Number: $1$, Period: $1$. Reactive nonmetal that is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe.

Helium

Symbol: $He$, Atomic Number: $2$, Period: $1$. Inert noble gas with a full valence shell of $2$ electrons.

Lithium

Symbol: $Li$, Atomic Number: $3$, Period: $2$. Soft, silvery alkali metal with the lowest density of all solid elements.

Beryllium

Symbol: $Be$, Atomic Number: $4$, Period: $2$. Light, strong, brittle alkaline earth metal used as a hardening agent in alloys.

Boron

Symbol: $B$, Atomic Number: $5$, Period: $2$. Low-density metalloid commonly used in fiberglass and semiconductors.

Carbon

Symbol: $C$, Atomic Number: $6$, Period: $2$. Tetravalent nonmetal capable of forming stable covalent bonds with many elements, forming the basis of organic chemistry.

Nitrogen

Symbol: $N$, Atomic Number: $7$, Period: $2$. Relatively unreactive diatomic gas making up about $78\%$ of Earth's atmosphere.

Oxygen

Symbol: $O$, Atomic Number: $8$, Period: $2$. Highly reactive chalcogen nonmetal essential for cellular respiration in most living organisms.

Fluorine

Symbol: $F$, Atomic Number: $9$, Period: $2$. Extremely reactive, toxic halogen gas that is the most electronegative element.

Neon

Symbol: $Ne$, Atomic Number: $10$, Period: $2$. Inert noble gas that glows reddish-orange when excited by high-voltage electrical current.

Sodium

Symbol: $Na$, Atomic Number: $11$, Period: $3$. Highly reactive alkali metal stored under oil to prevent reaction with air and moisture.

Magnesium

Symbol: $Mg$, Atomic Number: $12$, Period: $3$. Shiny, gray alkaline earth metal used in lightweight alloys and essential for biochemical processes.

Aluminium

Symbol: $Al$, Atomic Number: $13$, Period: $3$. Low-density post-transition metal with high corrosion resistance, widely used in structural materials.

Silicon

Symbol: $Si$, Atomic Number: $14$, Period: $3$. Hard, crystalline metalloid used extensively as a semiconductor in microelectronics.

Phosphorus

Symbol: $P$, Atomic Number: $15$, Period: $3$. Reactive nonmetal existing in multiple allotropes, essential for DNA and ATP.

Sulfur

Symbol: $S$, Atomic Number: $16$, Period: $3$. Bright yellow nonmetal known for forming sulfides and its presence in volcanic deposits and amino acids.

Chlorine

Symbol: $Cl$, Atomic Number: $17$, Period: $3$. Toxic yellow-green halogen gas used extensively as a disinfectant and oxidizing agent.

Argon

Symbol: $Ar$, Atomic Number: $18$, Period: $3$. Colorless, odorless noble gas that makes up roughly $1\%$ of Earth's atmosphere.

Potassium

Symbol: $K$, Atomic Number: $19$, Period: $4$. Highly reactive alkali metal essential for cellular fluid balance and nerve function.

Calcium

Symbol: $Ca$, Atomic Number: $20$, Period: $4$. Reactive alkaline earth metal vital for cellular signaling, bone structure, and shell formation.

Scandium

Symbol: $Sc$, Atomic Number: $21$, Period: $4$. Silvery-white transition metal used primarily in specialized aluminum alloys.

Titanium

Symbol: $Ti$, Atomic Number: $22$, Period: $4$. Strong, corrosion-resistant transition metal with a high strength-to-weight ratio.

Vanadium

Symbol: $V$, Atomic Number: $23$, Period: $4$. Hard, ductile transition metal primarily used as an additive to strengthen steel alloys.

Chromium

Symbol: $Cr$, Atomic Number: $24$, Period: $4$. Steely-gray transition metal valued for its high polish, hardness, and corrosion resistance.

Manganese

Symbol: $Mn$, Atomic Number: $25$, Period: $4$. Hard, brittle transition metal essential in industrial alloy production, particularly stainless steel.

Iron

Symbol: $Fe$, Atomic Number: $26$, Period: $4$. Abundant transition metal forming much of Earth's outer and inner core, widely used in steel production.

Cobalt

Symbol: $Co$, Atomic Number: $27$, Period: $4$. Ferromagnetic transition metal used in heavy-duty magnetic alloys and lithium-ion batteries.

Nickel

Symbol: $Ni$, Atomic Number: $28$, Period: $4$. Corrosion-resistant transition metal widely used in electroplating, coins, and stainless steel production.

Copper

Symbol: $Cu$, Atomic Number: $29$, Period: $4$. Soft, ductile transition metal known for its extremely high thermal and electrical conductivity.

Zinc

Symbol: $Zn$, Atomic Number: $30$, Period: $4$. Transition metal widely used as an anti-corrosion coating for steel and in brass alloys.

Gallium

Symbol: $Ga$, Atomic Number: $31$, Period: $4$. Soft post-transition metal that melts near room temperature ($29.76\,^\circ\text{C}$).

Germanium

Symbol: $Ge$, Atomic Number: $32$, Period: $4$. Lustrous, hard metalloid used in semiconductors and infrared optics.

Arsenic

Symbol: $As$, Atomic Number: $33$, Period: $4$. Toxic metalloid historically used in pesticides and wood preservatives.

Selenium

Symbol: $Se$, Atomic Number: $34$, Period: $4$. Nonmetal with photoconductive properties, essential in trace amounts for cellular health.

Bromine

Symbol: $Br$, Atomic Number: $35$, Period: $4$. Reddish-brown halogen that is the only nonmetallic liquid element at standard room conditions.

Krypton

Symbol: $Kr$, Atomic Number: $36$, Period: $4$. Colorless noble gas used in specialized lighting and photographic flashes.

Rubidium

Symbol: $Rb$, Atomic Number: $37$, Period: $5$. Soft, highly reactive alkali metal that spontaneously ignites in air.

Strontium

Symbol: $Sr$, Atomic Number: $38$, Period: $5$. Soft, silvery alkaline earth metal that produces brilliant red flames in pyrotechnics.

Yttrium

Symbol: $Y$, Atomic Number: $39$, Period: $5$. Silvery transition metal used in phosphors for display screens and LED lighting.

Zirconium

Symbol: $Zr$, Atomic Number: $40$, Period: $5$. Corrosion-resistant transition metal widely used in nuclear reactor fuel rod cladding.

Niobium

Symbol: $Nb$, Atomic Number: $41$, Period: $5$. Soft, ductile transition metal used in superconducting alloys and specialized steel.

Molybdenum

Symbol: $Mo$, Atomic Number: $42$, Period: $5$. High-melting transition metal used in high-strength steel alloys and catalysts.

Technetium

Symbol: $Tc$, Atomic Number: $43$, Period: $5$. Radioactive transition metal that was the first element produced artificially.

Ruthenium

Symbol: $Ru$, Atomic Number: $44$, Period: $5$. Rare transition metal of the platinum group, used as a wear-resistant electrical contact layer.

Rhodium

Symbol: $Rh$, Atomic Number: $45$, Period: $5$. Noble transition metal prized for its reflectivity, catalytic capabilities, and corrosion resistance.

Palladium

Symbol: $Pd$, Atomic Number: $46$, Period: $5$. Rare transition metal used extensively in catalytic converters to reduce vehicle emissions.

Silver

Symbol: $Ag$, Atomic Number: $47$, Period: $5$. Transition metal with the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any element.

Cadmium

Symbol: $Cd$, Atomic Number: $48$, Period: $5$. Soft, toxic post-transition metal historically used in rechargeable batteries and corrosion protection.

Indium

Symbol: $In$, Atomic Number: $49$, Period: $5$. Malleable post-transition metal used as indium tin oxide in touchscreens and flat panels.

Tin

Symbol: $Sn$, Atomic Number: $50$, Period: $5$. Soft post-transition metal with low melting point, historically combined with copper to create bronze.

Antimony

Symbol: $Sb$, Atomic Number: $51$, Period: $5$. Lustrous gray metalloid used in flame retardants, lead-acid batteries, and alloys.

Tellurium

Symbol: $Te$, Atomic Number: $52$, Period: $5$. Brittle, rare metalloid used in thermoelectric devices and solar panels.

Iodine

Symbol: $I$, Atomic Number: $53$, Period: $5$. Dark purple-black halogen solid that readily sublimes into a violet gas upon heating.

Xenon

Symbol: $Xe$, Atomic Number: $54$, Period: $5$. Dense noble gas used in arc lamps, specialized medical imaging, and ion thrusters.

Cesium

Symbol: $Cs$, Atomic Number: $55$, Period: $6$. Soft, silvery-gold alkali metal used in atomic clocks to define the second.

Barium

Symbol: $Ba$, Atomic Number: $56$, Period: $6$. Soft, reactive alkaline earth metal whose compounds are used in medical contrast imaging.

Lanthanum

Symbol: $La$, Atomic Number: $57$, Period: $6$. Soft, ductile lanthanide element that gives its name to the lanthanide series.

Cerium

Symbol: $Ce$, Atomic Number: $58$, Period: $6$. Malleable lanthanide element used in mischmetal and as a polishing agent for glass.

Praseodymium

Symbol: $Pr$, Atomic Number: $59$, Period: $6$. Soft, silvery lanthanide metal used as an alloying agent with magnesium for aircraft engines.

Neodymium

Symbol: $Nd$, Atomic Number: $60$, Period: $6$. Lanthanide metal used to manufacture extremely strong permanent magnets.

Promethium

Symbol: $Pm$, Atomic Number: $61$, Period: $6$. Radioactive lanthanide element that does not occur naturally in significant quantities on Earth.

Samarium

Symbol: $Sm$, Atomic Number: $62$, Period: $6$. Lanthanide element used in strong permanent magnets resistant to demagnetization at high temperatures.

Europium

Symbol: $Eu$, Atomic Number: $63$, Period: $6$. Reactive lanthanide metal used as a red phosphor in display screens and fluorescent lamps.

Gadolinium

Symbol: $Gd$, Atomic Number: $64$, Period: $6$. Lanthanide metal with unique paramagnetic properties, used as a contrast agent in MRI.

Terbium

Symbol: $Tb$, Atomic Number: $65$, Period: $6$. Silvery-white lanthanide element used as a green phosphor in electronics and solid-state devices.

Dysprosium

Symbol: $Dy$, Atomic Number: $66$, Period: $6$. Lanthanide element with high magnetic strength, used in high-efficiency motors and nuclear control rods.

Holmium

Symbol: $Ho$, Atomic Number: $67$, Period: $6$. Soft lanthanide metal possessing the highest magnetic moment of any naturally occurring element.

Erbium

Symbol: $Er$, Atomic Number: $68$, Period: $6$. Lanthanide element widely used as a dopant in fiber-optic amplifiers and laser technology.

Thulium

Symbol: $Tm$, Atomic Number: $69$, Period: $6$. Rare, soft lanthanide metal used as a radiation source in portable X-ray devices.

Ytterbium

Symbol: $Yb$, Atomic Number: $70$, Period: $6$. Soft lanthanide element used in atomic clocks, portable X-ray units, and stainless steel metallurgy.

Lutetium

Symbol: $Lu$, Atomic Number: $71$, Period: $6$. Dense, hard lanthanide metal with a full $4f$ subshell, used as a catalyst in petroleum cracking.

Hafnium

Symbol: $Hf$, Atomic Number: $72$, Period: $6$. Corrosion-resistant transition metal with high neutron absorption, used in nuclear reactor control rods.

Tantalum

Symbol: $Ta$, Atomic Number: $73$, Period: $6$. Highly corrosion-resistant transition metal widely used in electronic capacitors.

Tungsten

Symbol: $W$, Atomic Number: $74$, Period: $6$. Transition metal with the highest melting point ($3422\,^\circ\text{C}$) of all pure metals.

Rhenium

Symbol: $Re$, Atomic Number: $75$, Period: $6$. Extremely dense transition metal with a high melting point, used in jet engine superalloys.

Osmium

Symbol: $Os$, Atomic Number: $76$, Period: $6$. Extremely dense transition metal known as the densest naturally occurring element.

Iridium

Symbol: $Ir$, Atomic Number: $77$, Period: $6$. Highly corrosion-resistant transition metal associated with meteorites and impact events.

Platinum

Symbol: $Pt$, Atomic Number: $78$, Period: $6$. Unreactive noble transition metal widely used in catalytic converters, jewelry, and laboratory equipment.

Gold

Symbol: $Au$, Atomic Number: $79$, Period: $6$. Dense, unreactive transition metal valued for its corrosion resistance and decorative/financial uses.

Mercury

Symbol: $Hg$, Atomic Number: $80$, Period: $6$. Dense transition metal that is the only metallic element liquid at room temperature.

Thallium

Symbol: $Tl$, Atomic Number: $81$, Period: $6$. Highly toxic post-transition metal historically used in rat poisons and specialized optics.

Lead

Symbol: $Pb$, Atomic Number: $82$, Period: $6$. Dense post-transition metal with low melting point, historically used for shielding radiation and in plumbing.

Bismuth

Symbol: $Bi$, Atomic Number: $83$, Period: $6$. High-density post-transition metal with unusually low toxicity and low thermal conductivity.

Polonium

Symbol: $Po$, Atomic Number: $84$, Period: $6$. Highly radioactive, toxic metalloid discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie.

Astatine

Symbol: $At$, Atomic Number: $85$, Period: $6$. Extremely rare, radioactive halogen element with a very short half-life.

Radon

Symbol: $Rn$, Atomic Number: $86$, Period: $6$. Colorless, odorless radioactive noble gas produced by the natural decay of radium and uranium.