PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES [ERIK ERIKSON]

Erik Erikson

He proposed a series of eight stages that an individual goes through over the course of their lifetime, each characterized by a different psychosocial conflict

Infancy

The stage where its conflict is between trust vs mistrust

Early childhood

The stage where its conflict is between autonomy vs shame/doubt

Play age

The stage where its conflict is between initiative vs guilt

School age

The stage where its conflict is between industry vs inferiority

Adolescence

The stage where its conflict is between identity vs role confusion

Early adulthood

The stage where its conflict is between intimacy vs isolation

Middle age

The stage where its conflict is between generativity vs stagnation

Old age

The stage where its conflict is between integrity vs despair

0-1

In this age [years], trust vs mistrust occurs

1-3

In this age [year], autonomy vs shame/doubt occurs

3-6

In this age [year], initiative vs guilt occurs

7-11

In this age [year], industry vs inferiority occurs

12-18

In this age [year], identity vs role confusion occurs

19-29

In this age [year], intimacy vs isolation occurs

30-64

In this age [year], generativity vs stagnation occurs

65+

In this age [year], integrity vs despair occurs

Trust vs mistrust

Identify the conflict: Can I trust the world?

Autonomy vs shame/doubt

Identify the conflict: Can I do thing myself, or must I rely on others?

Industry vs inferiority

Identify the conflict: How can I be good at things

Identity vs role confusion

Identify the conflict: Who am I and where am I going?

Intimacy vs isolation

Identify the conflict: Can I form intimate relationships with others?

Generativity vs stagnation

Identify the conflict: What can I contribute to the world?

Integrity vs despair

Identify the conflict: Did I live a meaningful life?

Hope

Resolution or “virtue” of trust vs mistrust

Will

Resolution or “virtue” of autonomy vs shame/doubt

Purpose

Resolution or “virtue” of initiative vs guilt

Competence

Resolution or “virtue” of industry vs inferiority

Fidelity

Resolution or “virtue” of identity vs role confusion

Love

Resolution or “virtue” of intimacy vs isolation

Care

Resolution or “virtue” of generativity vs stagnation

Wisdom

Resolution or “virtue” of integrity vs despair

Sensory distortion

Too much trust creates ___________, meaning the child will grow thinking the world is completely safe

Withdrawal

Too much mistrust creates?

Trust vs mistrust

In this stage/conflict, caregivers play a crucial role

Impulsivity

Too much autonomy creates _________. This may lead to the child acting on their desires or impulses without considering the consequences, as they haven't learned to weigh actions against rules or limits

Compulsivity

Too much shame/doubt creates ______________, the child may feel compelled to do things in rigid, overly controlled, or perfectionistic ways to avoid the potential for shame or criticism

Autonomy vs shame/doubt

In this stage/conflict, children begin to assert their independence. They start exploring, learning to walk, talk, and feed themselves

Ruthlessness

Too much initiative creates ___________, meaning that they may come to view others merely as obstacles in the pursuit of their goals. This can foster a lack of consideration for others, leading to behaviors where the child pushes ahead at any cost, with little regard for others' feelings or needs

Inhibition

Too much guilt creates __________. A child may begin to avoid taking risks, sharing ideas, or engaging in new activities out of fear of making mistakes or disappointing others

Initiative vs guilt

In this stage/conflict, children assert power and control over their environment through play and other social interaction

Narrow virtuosity

Too much industry creates _____________. This happens when a child becomes excessively focused on mastering a single skill, activity, or area of interest, often to the exclusion of other important aspects of their development

Inertia

Too much inferiority creates ____________, a sense of paralysis or a reluctance to try new tasks or set goals. When children feel consistently inadequate or incapable of meeting expectations, they may develop a belief that effort is futile because they’ll likely fail

Industry vs inferiority

This stage/conflict coincides with formal schooling. where children are learning to master knowledge and skills

Fanaticism

Too much identity creates _____________. This occurs when individuals hold their identity with such extreme certainty and conviction that they become intolerant of other viewpoints or ways of life. They may feel compelled to impose their beliefs on others, seeing their perspective as the only "right" one

Role repudiation

Too much role confusion can create _____________, which is the outright rejection of any stable identity or role within society

Promiscuity

Too much intimacy can create ______________, meaning they may seek external validation through multiple romantic or sexual relationships

Exclusivity

Too much isolation can create ___________

Overextention

Too much generativity can create _________________, meaning you spend too much energy to help or contribute to others, neglecting your own personal-self (such as health)

Rejectivity

Too much stagnation can create _____________. They often feel a sense of failure regarding their ability to contribute or make an impact. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt, prompting them to withdraw from relationships and responsibilities instead of seeking out new opportunities

Presumptuous

Too much integrity creates a ___________ person. They are overconfident with their life decisions and often judge others decision in life

Disdain

Too much despair creates a __________ person. They would think that their life is unworthy

Hope

Refers to the belief that even when things are uncertain, there is a possibility of positive outcomes

Will

It is the ability to make decisions and act on them

Purpose

It is the ability to set and pursue goals

Competence

Refers to the belief in one’s ability to succeed

Fidelity

Refers to the ability to commit to and stand by one’s beliefs, values, and goals

Love

The ability to form lasting, meaningful relationships

Care

The desire to nurture others and contribute to society

Wisdom

The ability to look back on life with a sense of completeness and acceptance of the life lived

Diffusion

This status occurs when individuals have not yet explored or committed to any particular identity or set of beliefs

Foreclosure

This status involves individuals who have made commitments to certain roles, values, or beliefs WITHOUT having gone through a period of exploration

Moratorium

Individuals in this status are actively exploring various options and identities but have not yet made any commitments

Achievement

This status represents the culmination of the identity development process, where individuals have successfully explored various options and made informed commitments to specific values, beliefs, and goals