Chemistry- The Haber Process and NPK Fertilisers
0.0(0)
Studied by 1 person
Knowt Play
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
FlashcardsCard Sorting
1/28
Study Analytics
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
29 Terms
1
New cards
what does the Haber process manufacture
ammonia
2
New cards
what is the difference between ammonia and ammonium
ammonia= NH3
ammonium= NH4
ammonium= NH4
3
New cards
what are the raw materials used in the Haber process
nitrogen and hydrogen
4
New cards
where do we source the raw materials for the Haber process
hydrogen= natural gas/methane
nitrogen=air/atmosphere
nitrogen=air/atmosphere
5
New cards
what happens to the purified gases
they are passed over a catalyst of iron at a high temperature
6
New cards
what temperature and pressure is used
450 degrees celsius and 200 atmospheres
7
New cards
why does not all the nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia
it is a reversible reaction, so the ammonia can react back into hydrogen and nitrogen
8
New cards
what happens to the unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen
it is recycled back into the reaction chamber
9
New cards
what happens to the ammonia formed
it it cooled down in a condenser so it liquifies
10
New cards
what 2 factors will increase yield of ammonia
higher pressure and lower temperature
11
New cards
why is 450 degrees a compromise temperature
a higher temperature will decrease yield, but increase rate of reaction, so a compromise is made between yield and rate
12
New cards
why is 200 atmospheres compromise pressure
higher pressure would increase yield, but it increases expenses and energy costs, therefore 200 atmospheres is a compromise between cost and yield
13
New cards
how does removing ammonia increase the yield of ammonia
the ammonia concentration will decrease, so the equilibrium will shift to the right, so more ammonia is made
14
New cards
what 3 elements are in NPK fertilisers
nitrogen, phosphate and potassium
15
New cards
what is ammonia used for
fertiliser for crops
16
New cards
why can phosphate rock not be used directly as a fertiliser
it is insoluble in water
17
New cards
how do we produce the suitable salts from phosphate rock
by reacting it withacids
18
New cards
what does ammonia plus sulphuric acid make
ammonium sulpharte
19
New cards
what does ammonia plus phosphoric acid make
ammonium phosphate
20
New cards
what does ammonia plus nitric acid make
ammonium nitrate
21
New cards
what does an acid and a base make
a salt
22
New cards
which 2 compounds are mined
potassium chloride and potassium sulphate
23
New cards
what is triple superphosphate
calcium phosphate
24
New cards
what is a formulation
mixtures with measured quantities made for a specific purpose
25
New cards
why must fertiliser compounds be soluble in water
so root hair cells can absorb them
26
New cards
where are minerals extracted from
the crust
27
New cards
what dies phosphate rock plus nitric acid make (2)
\-calcium nitrate
\-phosphoric acid that will react with ammonia to make ammonium nitrate
\-phosphoric acid that will react with ammonia to make ammonium nitrate
28
New cards
what does phosphate rock plus phosphoric acid make
triple superphosphate (calcium nitrate)
29
New cards
what does phosphate rock plus sulfuric acid make
single superphosphate (Ssssssingle)