Torso Model Review — Structure, System & Function

Identify the numbered structures from the blank-label torso model images. Answers follow the supplied structure/system/function reference. Includes repeated views for practice.

46

Structure: Brain

System: Nervous

Function: Controls body functions and integrates information.

595

Structure: Spinal cord

System: Nervous

Function: Communication pathway and reflexes.

364

Structure: Inferior vena cava

System: Cardiovascular

Function: Returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the lower body.

264

Structure: Heart

System: Cardiovascular

Function: Pumps blood to the lungs and the entire body.

246

Structure: Descending aorta

System: Cardiovascular

Function: Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the lower body.

230

Structure: Trachea

System: Respiratory

Function: Conduit for O2 and CO2.

299

Structure: Right lung

System: Respiratory

Function: Area of gas exchange.

308

Structure: Left lung

System: Respiratory

Function: Area of gas exchange.

232

Structure: Right primary bronchus

System: Respiratory

Function: Conduit for O2 and CO2.

234

Structure: Left primary bronchus

System: Respiratory

Function: Conduit for O2 and CO2.

252

Structure: Diaphragm

System: Respiratory

Function: Contraction decreases thoracic cavity pressure, allowing inhalation; relaxation aids exhalation.

245

Structure: Esophagus

System: Digestive

Function: Conduit for food.

412

Structure: Liver

System: Digestive

Function: Processes nutrients, stores glucose as glycogen, produces bile, and detoxifies.

399

Structure: Stomach

System: Digestive

Function: Digests protein and stores and mixes food.

440

Structure: Large intestine

System: Digestive

Function: Reabsorbs water and electrolytes; bacterial flora makes vitamins.

434

Structure: Small intestine

System: Digestive

Function: Produces digestive enzymes; internal folds absorb digested food. The distal end contains lymphoid tissue that helps destroy bacteria.

437

Structure: Cecum

System: Digestive

Function: Proximal portion of the large intestine.

429

Structure: Gallbladder

System: Digestive

Function: Stores bile.

439

Structure: Vermiform appendix

System: Digestive

Function: Vestigial appendage; prone to infection resulting in appendicitis.

447

Structure: Rectum

System: Digestive

Function: Conduit for solid wastes.

390 A

Structure: Anus

System: Digestive

Function: Opening of the alimentary tube for discharge of solid waste.

330

Structure: Pancreas

System: Digestive

Function: Makes alkaline pancreatic juice and digestive enzymes.

435

Structure: Mesentery

System: Digestive

Function: Serous membrane that suspends abdominal organs and carries their blood vessels and nerves.

198

Structure: Thyroid gland

System: Endocrine

Function: Produces hormones.

342

Structure: Right adrenal gland

System: Endocrine

Function: Produces hormones.

341

Structure: Left adrenal gland

System: Endocrine

Function: Produces hormones.

330

Structure: Pancreas

System: Endocrine (also digestive)

Function: Endocrine role: produces hormones that regulate blood glucose. Digestive role in the reference table: makes alkaline pancreatic juice and digestive enzymes.

343

Structure: Right kidney

System: Urinary

Function: Filters blood and produces urine.

340

Structure: Left kidney

System: Urinary

Function: Filters blood and produces urine.

363 B

Structure: Right ureter

System: Urinary

Function: Conduit for urine.

363 A / 521 (male); 363 A (female)

Structure: Left ureter

System: Urinary

Function: Conduit for urine.

517 / 518 (male); 475 (female)

Structure: Urinary bladder

System: Urinary

Function: Stores urine.

480

Structure: Ovary

System: Female reproductive

Function: Produces female gametes (ova).

478

Structure: Uterine tube

System: Female reproductive

Function: Site of fertilization; conduit for the ovum and zygote.

484

Structure: Uterus

System: Female reproductive

Function: Incubation and development of the embryo/fetus.

466

Structure: Vagina

System: Female reproductive

Function: Copulatory organ, birth canal, and menstrual canal.

469

Structure: Vaginal orifice

System: Female reproductive

Function: External opening of the vagina. (Function not specified in the supplied table.)

475 (female model)

Structure: Urinary bladder

System: Urinary

Function: Stores urine.

499

Structure: Scrotum

System: Male reproductive

Function: Repository for the testes.

512

Structure: Penis

System: Male reproductive

Function: Male copulatory organ.

520

Structure: Ductus (vas) deferens

System: Male reproductive

Function: Conduit for sperm.

524 / 525

Structure: Prostate gland

System: Male reproductive

Function: Produces an alkaline secretion that activates sperm.

514

Structure: Testes

System: Male reproductive

Function: Produce male gametes (sperm).

517 / 518 (male model)

Structure: Urinary bladder

System: Urinary

Function: Stores urine.

338

Structure: Spleen

System: Immune / lymphatic

Function: Removes old red blood cells and contains lymphocytes.

606

Axillary Lymph Nodes

607

Axillary Lymphatics

612 / 614

Inguinal Lymph Nodes

613

Inguinal Lymphatics